PREVENTION OF

SUBSTANCE USE AND

ABUSE
(QUARTER II)
WHY SHOULD WE AVOID DANGEROUS
DRUGS?
LESSON 1. Drug Scenario in the Philippines
(Common Concepts in Drugs Education)
 Drugs
 Drugs of Abuse
 Drug Dependence
 Drug Misuse
 Drug Abuse
 Drug Tolerance
1. Drugs

 are any substances or chemicals

which when taken into the body
either though nasal, oral,
transdermal or intravenous way.
 have psychological, emotional
and behavioral effects on a
person.
2. Drugs of Abuse

 are drugs commonly abused by users.

 In the Philippines the three drugs are shabu, marijuana and
inhalants.
3. Drug Dependence

 is a cluster of physiological, behavioral and cognitive phenomena of

variable intensity in which the use of a drugs takes on a high
priority thereby creating a strong desire to take the substance.
Drug Misuse

 is the use of a substance incoherent or inconsistent with the

prescribed dosage or frequency of use.
Drug Abuse

 is the use of a substance

for non-medicinal
purposes.
Drug Tolerance

 is the condition of the body to adapt to the effects of substances to

the body thus requiring an even larger amount of the substance to
experience the same physiological and mental effect experienced
when taking the smaller dosage.
LESSON 2. The Risk and Protective Factors of Using Drugs

 Risk Factors are those influences which increase the chances of

using, misusing, and abusing drugs.

 Protective Factors are those influences that decrease the chances of

using, misusing, and abusing drugs.
Domains of Life which Affect Drug Use and Abuse

1. Personal
2. Family
3. School
4. Peers and friends
5. Community
PERSONAL (Early Aggressive Behavior
VS. Self-Control)

RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE FACTORS

1. Use of drugs at an early age 1. Self-control behavior
2. Risk taking behavior 2. Good reasoning skills
3. Experimentation 3. Excellent social skills
4. Poor social skills and 4. Positive interaction with people
interaction 5. Sense of belonging
5. Childhood problems
6. Feelings of isolation
FAMILY (Weak Parental Guidance VS. Strong Parental
Guidance)

RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE FACTORS

1. History and pattern of drug use 1. Good communication with people
2. Attitudes toward drug use 2. Positive family relationship
3. Poor parenting and child rearing 3. Clear and consistent family rules
4. Inconsistent family rules 4. Strong family values
5. Poor family values 5. Positive expectation to child’s
6. Poor family ties success in family, school, and
community
6. Reliance on family for emotional
support
PEERS AND FRIENDS (Substance Abuse VS. Academic
Excellence)
RISK FACTORS
1. Association with peers and
friends known to use gateway
drugs (cigarettes and alcohol)
2. Preference to stay with peers
and friends than family
PROTECTIVE FACTORS
1. Association with peers and
friends who do not use
gateway drugs
2. Formation of friendships
3. Reliance on friends for
emotional support
4. Inviting friends at home to
know the family
SCHOOL (Availability of Drugs VS. Strong Anti-Drug
Policies)

RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE FACTORS

1. Poor academic performance 1. Good to excellent academic
2. Lack of commitment to studies performance
3. Poor attendance in school 2. Joins extra-curricular activities
4. Involvement of fights and and school organization
conflicts 3. Shows interest in attending
classes
COMMUNITY (Poverty VS. Strong Community
Relationship)
RISK FACTORS
1. Easy access to gateway drugs
2. Poor community organization
and neighborhood relationship
3. Poor implementation of
community laws
4. Negative attitudes which favor
drug use
PROTECTIVE FACTORS
1. Strong community relationship
2. Active and positive community
programs, projects, and
activities for the youth
3. Strong community advocacy
against drugs
LESSON 3. Drugs of Abuse

6 Classifications of Drugs
1. Gateway Drugs
2. Depressant Drugs
3. Stimulant Drugs
4. Narcotics
5. Hallucinogens
6. Inhalants
1. Gateway Drugs

 such as cigarettes and alcohol are

legal drugs that a non-drug user
might try, which can lead him/her
to more dangerous drugs such as
marijuana and shabu.
2. Depressant Drugs

 DOWNERS or BARBS
 slow down a person’s central nervous system.
 Doctors commonly prescribed depressant drugs to help certain person to be
less angry, less stressed, or tensed.

 DEPRESSANTS RELAX MUSCLES AND NERVES.

 THESE DRUGS MAKE PATIENTS FEEL SLEEPY AND LIGHT HEADED.

EXAMPLES ARE: ALCOHOL, BARBITURATES & TRANQUILIZERS.
3. Stimulant Drugs

 UPPERS
 speed up a person’s central nervous system.
 OPPOSITE EFFECT OF DEPRESSANTS.
 MAKES A PERSON’S ENERGY HIGH
 SIDE EFFECTS ARE DEPRESSION AND TIREDNESS.
 EXAMPLES ARE AMPHETAMINES (SHABU, CAFFEINE,
NICOTINE, COCAINE)
4. Narcotics

 are drugs which relieve pain and induce sleepiness.

 THESE ARE PRESCRIBED TO PATIENTS WITH MENTAL
DISORDERS OR WITH PATIENTS DEALING WITH SEVERE
PAIN LIKE CANCER.
 THESE DRUGS ARE ILLICIT AND DANGEROUS IF TAKEN.
 EXAMPLES ARE COCAINE, HEROIN AND MARIJUANA.
5. Hallucinogens

 are drugs which distorts realty and facts. It affects all senses and
makes a user see, hear and feel things that don’t exist in the time
being.
 CAME FROM THE WORD HALLUCINATE (TO PERCEIVE ILLUSIONS)
 EXAMPLES ARE: LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE, PSILOCYBIN (OBTAINED
FROM MUSHROOMS AND MESCALINE
6. Inhalants

 are found in ordinary household products and anaesthetics.

 READILY AVAILABLE AND ACCESSIBLE TO YOUNG CHILDREN
 INHALANT TOXINS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE OF ALCOHOL,
THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IS THE FOUL SMELL.
 ABUSE CAN LEAD TO DELUSIONS, BRAIN DAMAGE, LIVER
DAMAGE, COMATOSE AND DEATH.
 EXAMPLES ARE ACETONE, RUGBY (SOLVENT), SPRAY PAINTS,
CLEANING FLUIDS AND AIR CONDITIONER FLUIDS (FREON).
THEREFORE, DRUG ABUSE IS
EVERYBODY’S CONCERN.
THANK YOU!