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Ccounting Principles, 6e 6e
Ccounting Principles, 6e 6e
Prepared by
Marianne Bradford, Ph. D.
Bryant College
Accounting for
Merchandising Operations
Accounting for
Merchandising Operations
Accounting for
Merchandising Operations
Forms of Financial
Statements
Multiple-step income
statement
Single-step income
statement
Classified balance sheet
STUDY OBJECTIVE 1
Identificar
Identificar las
las diferencias
diferencias entre
entre una
una empresa
empresa de
de
servicio
servicio yy una
una empresa
empresa de
de ventas.
ventas.
Compania de ventas
Ingreso de Menos
Ventas
Iguala
Costo
Costode
delos
los Ganancia
Ganancia Menos
Bienes
Bienes Bruta
Bruta
Vendidos
Vendidos
Gross
GrossProfit
Profit
Cost
CostofofGood
GoodSold
Sold Igual
Gastos
Gastos Ingreso
IngresoNeto
Netooo
Operacionales
Operacionales Perdida
Perdida
Operational
OperationalExpense
Expense Net
NetIncome
Income(loss)
(loss)
ILLUSTRATION 5-2
OPERATING
OPERATING CYCLES
CYCLES FOR
FOR A
A SERVICE
SERVICE
COMPANY
COMPANY AND
AND A
A MERCHANDISING
MERCHANDISING COMPANY
COMPANY
Compania de
Servicio
Realiza
Recibe el
Efectivo Servicio
Efectivo
Cuentas por
Cobrar
Compania de Ventas
Recibe Compra
Efectivo Inventario
Efectivo
Vende inventario
2) Periodico
Cost of goods sold se determina solo al final de un
periodo de contabilidad
Costo de los bienes
Vendidos
COST
COST OF
OF GOODS
GOODS SOLD
SOLD
Explain
Explain the
the entries
entries for
for purchases
purchases
under
under aa perpetual
perpetual inventory
inventory system.
system.
Compra de
Mercancia
Cuando se compra la mercancia para re-vender a los
consumidores, las cuentas, Merchandise Inventory,
es DEBITADA por el costo de los bienes.
Tal y como las ventas, las compras se pueden hacer
en efectivo, o a credit.
Las compras normalmente son
registradas por el comprador
cuando los bienes se reciben del
vendedor.
Cada compra a credito, debe tener
una factura de compra.
Compras de
Mercancia
3,800
3,800
300
300
150
150
150
150
3,500
3,430
70
3,500
3,500
Explain
Explain the
the entries
entries for
for sales
sales revenues
revenues
under
under aa perpetual
perpetual inventory
inventory system.
system.
Transacciones de Ventas
Ingresos son reportados cuando se ganan de acuerdo
al principio de reconocimiento de ingresos y en una
compania de ventas, los ingresos son ganados cuando
los bienes se transfieren del vendedor al comprador .
Todas las ventas deben
terner un documento como
la cinta de la caja registradora
o una factura de ventas.
RECORDING CASH SALES
2,200
2,200
1,400
1,400
3,800
3,800
2,400
2,400
300
300
140
140
3,430
70
3,500
Explain
Explain the
the steps
steps in
in the
the accounting
accounting
cycle
cycle for
for aa merchandising
merchandising company.
company.
CLOSING ENTRIES
480,000
480,000
CLOSING ENTRIES
Cost of Goods Sold is a new account that must be closed to
Income Summary.
140,000
12,000
8,000
316,000
45,000
19,000
7,000
16,000
17,000
8,000
2,000
CLOSING ENTRIES
30,000
30,000
15,000
15,000
Distinguish
Distinguish between
between aa multiple-step
multiple-step
and
and aa single-step
single-step income
income statement.
statement.
MULTIPLE-STEP
INCOME STATEMENT
Incluye el ingreso de ventas, costo de
los bienes vendidos y la seccion de
ganancia bruta
Secciones adicionales de no operacion
se pueden anadir por:
1) Ingresos y gastos de operaciones
secundarias o auxiliares
2) Ganancia y perdidas no relacionadas
a la operacion
MULTIPLE-STEP
INCOME STATEMENT
Secciones nooperacionales son reportadas
luego del ingreso de operacion y son
clasificadas como :
1) Otros ingresos y ganancias
2) Otros gastos y perdidas
3) Gastos de operacion puede dividirse en:
a) Gastos de Venta
b) Gastos Administrativos
ILLUSTRATION 5-11
SINGLE-STEP INCOME STATEMENT
All
All data
data are
are classified
classified under
under
two
two categories:
categories:
11 Revenues
Revenues
22 Expenses
Expenses
Only
Only one
one step
step is
is required
required in
in
determining
determining net
net income
income or
or
net
net loss.
loss.
STUDY OBJECTIVE 6
Explain
Explain the
the computation
computation andand
importance
importance ofof gross
gross profit.
profit.
ILLUSTRATION 5-7
COMPUTATION OF GROSS PROFIT
Prepare
Prepare aa worksheet
worksheet for
for aa
merchandiser
merchandiser
ILLUSTRATION 5-A1
WORK
WORK SHEET
SHEET FOR
FOR A
A
MERCHANDISING
MERCHANDISING COMPANY
COMPANY
USING A WORK SHEET
Adjustments Columns
1 A merchandising company usually has the
same types of adjustments as a service
company.
2 Work sheet adjustments b, c, and d are for
insurance, depreciation, and salaries.
Adjusted Trial Balance - The adjusted trial
balance shows the balance of all accounts after
adjustment at the end of the accounting period.
ILLUSTRATION 5-11
WORK
WORK SHEET
SHEET FOR
FOR A
A
MERCHANDISING
MERCHANDISING COMPANY
COMPANY
USING A WORK SHEET
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CHAPTER 5
ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTING FOR
FOR MERCHANDISING
MERCHANDISING OPERATIONS
OPERATIONS