UNIT 3

WHAT’S
YOUR PLAN?
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 Learning Overview

What’s Your Plan?

Pronunciation Essential
Interlude 1 Interlude 2
Center Grammar

Expressing Gonna = Future Tense

Differentiating
Plans and Going to ‘Be Going To’
British & U.S.
Consonants Intentions
Future Tense
‘Will’
 PRONUNCIATION CENTER
British & U.S. Consonants
The Similarity
The consonants of U.S. English are essentially
the same as those used in British English.
Symbol Example
b big /bɪg/
d dig /dɪg/
g go /gəʊ/
m mine /mʌɪn/
l leap /liːp/
r run /rʌn/
 PRONUNCIATION CENTER
British & U.S. Consonants
The Difference
• However, after a vowel, U.S. English can have /r/ regardless of the
sound which follows.
• Whereas British English retains the /r/ only when it is followed by a
vowel.
Compare:

– U.S. mar/mar/, marring/‘mɑrɪŋ/

– British mar/mɑː/, marring/’mɑːrɪŋ

 INTERLUDE 1
Expressing Plans and Intentions
What are they ?
• A plan is a series of steps to be carried out or
goals to be accomplished.
• An intention is a course of action that one
intends to follow.
• When we try to express plans and intentions,
we use language forms and words indicating
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future time.
 INTERLUDE 2
Gonna = Going to
What is it ?
• Gonna is the slang word of “going to”.
• It indicates future or planned action.
• It is often heard in American English, especially in spoken English.
• It is not used in written English.
• Examples:
 I’m gonna see Henry tomorrow.
 What are you gonna do?
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Be Going To’
When To Use It ?
‘Be going to’ is used:
to express a future decision or plan when we can see or feel now that
made before the moment of speaking. something is certain to happen in the
Examples: future.
• How long are they going Examples:

to stay in New York? • Look at those clouds!

• I’m going to visit Rina It’s going to rain.
next week. • Watch out! That box
is going to fall.
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Be Going To’
Positive Form
This is the formula to make the positive form.
Positive Form
I am
Example:
He
She is • They are going to spend holiday in Semarang.
It going to + • I am going to school in French.
Verb 1
We
You are
They
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Be Going To’
Negative Form
This is the formula to make the negative form.
Negative Form
I am not
Example:
He • They are not going to spend holiday
is not
She in Semarang.
It (isn’t) going to
+ Verb 1 • I am not going to school in French.
We
You are
(aren’t)
They
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Be Going To’
Interrogative Form
This is the formula to make the interrogative form.
Interrogative Form
Am I Example:
he • Are they going to spend holiday
Is she in Semarang?
It going to
+ Verb 1 • Am I going to school in French?
we
Are you
they
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Will’
When To Use It?
‘Will’ is used:

to express a future decision made at the when we believe something to happen

moment of speaking. Such as deciding to in the future.
do something spontaneously. Example:
Example: I believe Anthony will be our next
A: Can you answer president.
the phone?
B: Sure, I will.
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR
Future Tense ‘Be Going To’ VS ‘Will’

The Similarity
• Both ‘Be going to’ and ‘will’ can express the idea of a general prediction about
the future.
• Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future.
• Examples:
 I think it will/is going to rain.

 Who will/is going to be the next president?

 The movie will/is going to win several Academy Awards.
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