UNIT 9

LOOK AT
THE SIGN,
PLEASE!
Source: Goodfreephotos.com
Learning Overview
Look at the Sign, Please!
Interlude 1 • Memo

Interlude 2 • Heading of Memo (Cc, Date, and Re)

• Common Phrases and Grammatical forms in a

Essential Grammar 1 Memo

Interlude 3 • Menu

Essential Grammar 2 • Descriptive Words and Expressions on a Menu

Interlude 4 • Schedule
 INTERLUDE 1
Memo
Definition
Memo, in Oxford Compact English
Dictionary, is an abbreviated form of
memorandum which means a
written message in business or
diplomacy, or a note to record
something.
Purpose
 give information or an update on a
topic
 communicate a change (e.g. to policies
or procedures)
 introduce a new initiative
 confirm the results of a conversation
or agreement
 request information or action
 INTERLUDE 1
Memo

Here are the differences between memos and business letters :

 Memos are for internal communications and rarely more than one
page.
 Memos are often ½ page or less of text.
 Memos may have a wide audience and may be posted rather than
sent directly to individual workers.
 Memos may have a less formal tone than a letter.
 INTERLUDE 2
Heading of Memo (Cc, Date, and Re)

Cc Date Re
stands for "carbon Date conventions Re: means "in
copy." Anyone you that are used on
add to the cc also memos.
the matter of,"
receives a copy of - October 21, 2016
"regarding" or
that message when (American English) "with reference
you send it. All other to." It doesn't
recipients of that - 21 October 2016
message can see (British English) mean reply.
that person you - 11/21/16
designated as a cc (American English)
(recipient). Bcc: - 21/11/16 (British
stands for "blind English)
carbon copy."
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR 1
Common Phrases and Grammatical Forms in a Memo

Phrases Grammatical Forms

• Please be advised . . . . • must . . . .
• This is to inform . . . . • (employees) are asked . . . .
• Please note that . . . . • . . . at your earliest convenience
• Should you have any questions . . . . • . . . will come into effect
• If you have any questions, . . . . • Please contact . . . .
• For further information . . . .

Note:
• “Please be advised . . . .” is a polite way of saying "We wish to inform you that . . . . "
• “Please note that . . . .” is a formal way to direct people's attention to some information.
 INTERLUDE 3
Menu

What is it?

A menu is a list of
dishes available in a
restaurant. Different
menus use different
words to mean the
same thing.

Source: Corneresume/Flickr.com
 INTERLUDE 3
Menu
Here are few sections of different menu lists:
Section Also known as Example items

Appetizers Combo Platters, Snacks, Starters Garlic Bread, Cheese Plate, Nachos

Salads and Soups Garden Fresh, Greens, Low Calorie Choices, Low-fat Tossed Salad, Caesar Salad, Soup of the Day
Selections

Sandwiches Burgers, From the Deli, Lunch Menu, Wraps Chicken Sandwich, Beef Burger, Sandwich

Italian Noodles, Pasta, Pizza Spaghetti, Pizza, Fettuccini

Main Course Entrée, Dinners, Main Dish, Main Event Steak, Chicken Stir-fry, Fried Rice

Sides Accompaniments, On the Side, Side Dishes French Fries, Dim Sum

Seafood Catch of the Day, Fish, Fresh from the Sea Fish and Chips, Battered Shrimp, Smoked Salmon
 INTERLUDE 3
Menu

Section Also known as Example items

Mexican South of the Border, Tex-Mex Fajitas, Nachos, Enchilladas

Specialties Signature Items, Favorites, Pleasers, 5 Stars BBQ Ribs, Hot Wings, Chicken Cordon Bleu

Desserts Sweets, Treats, For the Sweet Tooth Apple Pie, Cheesecake, Banana Split

Beverages Drinks, Non-alcoholic beverages, Refreshments Soda Pop, Juice, Milk

Kids Menu Juniors, Kids Stuff, Little Tikes, For the Munchkins Spaghetti and Meatballs, Cheeseburger, Chicken Fingers
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR 2
Descriptive Words and Expressions on a Menu

Menus have special language that convinces the guests to order more food. Here are the words and expressions on a
menu:
Description Meaning Example item

available with Guests can have this food served with other items. All burger selections are available with whole wheat buns.

bottomless, free refills Guests can have more without paying. Coffee and tea is bottomless.

chunky many large pieces of meat or vegetables A steaming bowl of chunky vegetable soup

coated in, glazed covered in a sauce (often before cooking) Breast of chicken coated in teriyaki sauce

crispy makes a crunchy sound when you chew Caesar salad with fresh lettuce and crispy croutons

drizzled with a small amount of liquid poured over top Apple pie and vanilla ice cream drizzled with butterscotch
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR 2
Descriptive Words and Expressions on a Menu
Description Meaning Example item

finished with final step of the food preparation A generous portion of spaghetti and garlic tomato sauce, finished
with homemade meatballs

fresh just off the farm/ out of the garden/ All omelets are made with three fresh egg whites.

garnished with decorated with Our dinners are garnished with fresh parsley and seasonal fruit.

generous portion, heaping, a large amount of All sandwiches are served with a generous portion of fresh cut fries.
loaded with

home style, homemade, from a recipe (not a package) Try our chef's homemade chili with fresh baked bread.
made from scratch

juicy with liquid remaining for taste Garden salad with juicy tomatoes, cucumbers, and onions

lightly breaded, battered rolled in bread crumbs, eggs, or other Our fish is lightly battered in beer.
mixture and cooked
 ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR 2
Descriptive Words and Expressions on a Menu

Description Meaning Example item

marinated in left in fridge to soak up Our steaks are marinated in a rich peppercorn sauce.
sauce/juice/flavoring

medley variety, mixture A vegetable medley tossed in olive oil and served over rice

mouth watering appearance causes mouth to salivate Finish your meal off with one of our mouth watering desserts.

on a bed of on top of a layer of A ginger chicken stir fry served on a bed of rice

seasonal produce varies at different times during Ask your server about our seasonal fruit pies.
the year

seasoned with herbs and spices added Roasted chicken seasoned with fresh basil and oregano
 INTERLUDE 4
Schedule

Definition
A schedule, as a basic time-
Purpose
management tool, consists of Elements
a list of times at which To know the specific time,
possible tasks, events, or location, and activities to be
actions are intended to take accomplished. - A grid
place, or of a sequence of - Times, both short periods,
events in the chronological such as a daily or weekly
order in which such things are schedule, and long-term
intended to take place. planning with respect to
periods of several months
or years
- Tasks or necessary
information in short phrases Source: alicdn/Flickr.com
 INTERLUDE 5
Signs
Definition
A sign is a notice, bearing a name, direction,
warning or advertisement that is displayed or
posted for public view. Some bear pictures only,
some bears pictures and words. Most of them are
understood because they are conventionally agreed.
Source: Pexels.com
Wording in Signs
• A combination of UPPER and lower case letters for the
best readability.
• ALL UPPER CASE letters should be reserved for special
emphasis words or short messages.
• Left aligned, ragged right text, provides better
readability. Centered text should be used only for
short messages.
• Use an outline format and bullets to separate
message content.
• Use active words
• Use non-active words
Source: Geralt/Pixabay.com