Komar University of Science and Technology

Civil Engineering Department

Engineering Surveying - Theory

STATIONING IN STRAIGHT LINES

Lecture#7
Fall 2021
Sulaymaniyah, IRAQ

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 Stationing
 A station is both a dimension and a position.
 As a dimension it has a fixed length with associated unit.
 As a position it is the cumulative horizontal distance along the
alignment from its beginning.

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 Stationing
In the English system
 A station is defined as the length of a standard surveyor's tape
making it 100 ft long.

 A position is expressed as the number of full stations (100 ft

intervals) plus a partial station (less than 100 ft) and is written in the
(full + partial) format.

 Station (8+35.67) is 835.67 feet along the alignment from its

origin.

Alignments do not usually start at station 0+00 because

subsequent
redesign can result in negative stations: -1+45.67 looks confusing.

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 In the metric system
 A station may be 100 m or 1000 m with a corresponding
partial
station.
 A point 12,56.02 m along the alignment would be at station 12+26.02
or 1+256.02.

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The horizontal distance between two stations along the alignment is their stationing
difference.

the distance from sta 12+38.28 to sta 16+56.85 is:

The distance can be expressed in feet or stations.

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The position of a point off the alignment is expressed by a station and
an offset to the right or left (defined looking up-station).

The position of the CP in figure below

is 11+68.2682.40R

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 A single point can sometimes have two different stations values. The
most common situation is where two different alignments cross.

 Point A is at station 12+83 along

one alignment and station 25+45
along a second.
 A Station Equation can be written
for point:

A: (Sta 12+83 = Sta 25+45)

 This be brought to the

readers'
may on a set of
attention
plans to ensure the appropriate
station value be used for
alignment calculations.
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 Grade
a. Definition: Grade is the slope of a straight line and is computed from:

elev diff: elevation difference

horiz horizontal distance
dist:
 If the elev diff and horiz dist are both in feet (or meters), results in grade as a
dimensionless ratio; multiplying it by 100 converts it to a percentage (%).

 If elev diff is feet and hori dist is stations, returns grade as a percentage.

 Grade is positive (+) going uphill in the direction of stationing, negative (-) going
downhill.

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Example (1): The elevation at sta 10+25.00 is 1214.80 ft; at sta 12+75.00 it is
1193.50 ft. What is the grade of the line between the two stations?

Solution:

Sketch:

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Example (2): At sta 16+50.00 the elevation is 867.50 ft. If the grade through
16+50.00 is +3.00%, what is the elevation at sta 19+00.00?

Solution:

Sketch:

According to the sketch, 19+00 is

higher than 16+50 so the
computed elevation looks correct

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Example (3): Using the data in example (2), what is the elevation at station 14+00?

Solution:

Sketch:

Since we're going backwards along the alignment, the distance is negative.

From the sketch we see that 14+00 is lower than 16+50, so the computed elevation
looks correct.
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 THANK YOU
QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS
are
Warmly Welcomed

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