Let’s analyze the

following images
UNDERSTANDI
NG SATIRICAL
ELEMENTS
What is satire?
IRONY
DEFINITION
Irony is a form of the figure of speech in
which the person delivering the ironic
statement says something which is
completely opposite to what they mean or
what the reality of the situation is. Irony can
also be used to set the tone of a situation
without the use of any speech at all.

Irony can be used in a sarcastic

sense to display the opposite
meaning of what is happening in
reality.
THINK OF AN EXAMPLE IN
WHICH YOU USE VERBAL
IRONY
THINK OF AN EXAMPLE IN
WHICH YOU USE
SITUATIONAL IRONY
THINK OF AN EXAMPLE IN
WHICH YOU USE DRAMATIC
IRONY
Activity
• https://quizizz.com/ad
min/quiz/56c713da083
667a8032cc6b0/irony
SARCASM
What is sarcasm?
• Verbal irony seems a lot like sarcasm,
doesn’t it? However, verbal irony and
sarcasm have one distinct difference,
which is negativity. Sarcasm is typically
witty mockery. Therefore, it has a
negative connotation, whereas verbal
irony doesn’t.
 Someone makes an obvious remark: Really, I
never knew you were that clever!

Boy with too much body spray: That’s a lovely

scent, did you bathe in it?

Examples After making a mistake: You did a brilliant job.

Self-deprecating: I bought a boat right before

deciding to move to Nevada. I’m a genius.
 Sometimes the difference between irony
and sarcasm can be hard to see. However,
once you start to break down definitions, it’s
clear to see that sarcasm is like irony with
attitude.

Sarcasm doesn’t have any other purpose

but to insult or embarrass, even yourself.
Euphemism
Do you know what euphemism is ?
What is an euphemism?

• An euphemism is a nice way of

saying something not so nice
Examples
• DIE/DIED: • BATHROOM RELATED
• Passed away
• Dearly departed • Powder your nose instead of go
• Negative patient outcome to the toilet
• Bought the farm • Break wind instead of pass gas or
• Bit the dust
• Croaked
fart
• Bite the big one • Blow chunks instead of vomit
• Kick the bucket
• Making a deposit in the porcelain
• KILLED bank instead of going to the
• Wearing cement shoes
• Whacked
bathroom
• Collateral damage instead of accidental • Fired a shot instead of flatulence
deaths • Backed up worse than the Hoover
• Put to sleep instead of euthanize Dam instead of constipated
• Pregnancy termination instead of abortion
More examples …
• Big-boned instead of fat or overweight • Turn a trick instead of engage in
• Portly instead of heavy or overweight prostitution
• Vertically-challenged instead of short
• Au natural instead of naked
• Moon landing instead of bald
• Differently-abled instead of handicapped or • Comfort woman instead of prostitute
disabled • Birds and the bees instead of sex
• Bad rug instead of toupee
• Go all the way instead of have sex
• One sandwich short of a picnic instead of not
smart • Batting for the other team instead of
• Not the sharpest pencil in the box instead of not homosexual
smart
• Hide the sausage instead of have sex
• His elevator doesn't reach the top floor instead
of not smart • Making whoopee instead of having
• Chronologically-challenged instead of late sex
• Economical with the truth instead of liar
Demonstrate another important use of euphemisms - showing how
language is manipulated to add value to certain words or ideas. Notice
how these examples often involve occupations

• Garbage collector = waste disposal worker, sanitation

worker, waste management, etc.
• Secretary = administrative assistant, clerical assistant,
executive assistant, personal assistant, etc.
• Janitor = custodian, caretaker, superintendent,
maintenance worker, etc.
• Boss = supervisor, executive, director, manager, etc.
• School = institute, academy, university, conservatory, etc.
We often make euphemisms using negative
words like no, not and doesn’t for example.
He’s not the sharpest tool in the box

She’s not the most organised person

He doesn’t have the best voice but he makes up for it in enthusiasm

He’s no Einstein

I’m not as young as I was

It wasn’t the most interesting meeting

he doesn’t work as hard as he could

Matching Activity
• she’s between Jobs • He is fat
• she’s a bit tipsy • He is lying
• He likes food • He is stupid
• he’s stretching the truth • She is lazy
• she’s a bit unmotivated • she’s unemployed
• he’s a few sandwiches short of a • She is drunk
picnic
What are they really saying?
The television interviewer accused the politician of being
economical with the truth.
The manager had an inappropriate relationship with the new
intern.
Jenny’s dog Bowser went to the great doggy park in the sky.

The pop-singer was clearly tired and emotional as she exited the
nightclub at 3am.