This document discusses the management of transboundary natural resources like river basins, lake basins, and marine resources. It provides examples of cooperative management frameworks and organizations for different regions, like the Niger Basin Authority, Okavango River Basin Commission, Lake Victoria Initiative, and Indian Ocean Tuna Commission. It also describes the roles of projects in managing shared aquatic resources across borders.
Original Description:
Original Title
Management of Trans-boundary River Basin, Lake Basin
This document discusses the management of transboundary natural resources like river basins, lake basins, and marine resources. It provides examples of cooperative management frameworks and organizations for different regions, like the Niger Basin Authority, Okavango River Basin Commission, Lake Victoria Initiative, and Indian Ocean Tuna Commission. It also describes the roles of projects in managing shared aquatic resources across borders.
This document discusses the management of transboundary natural resources like river basins, lake basins, and marine resources. It provides examples of cooperative management frameworks and organizations for different regions, like the Niger Basin Authority, Okavango River Basin Commission, Lake Victoria Initiative, and Indian Ocean Tuna Commission. It also describes the roles of projects in managing shared aquatic resources across borders.
Introduction • Trans-border natural resources that are becoming more politically, legally and ecologically complex, • Need for more coordination not only between different agencies, stakeholders both local and national levels but also with governments who must work across jurisdictional boundaries • Trans-border systems of environmental management are thus essential to securing agreements for, and implementation of, specific action programs Introduction cont’ • Growing enthusiasm in trans-boundary natural resource management (TBNRM) by NGOs, donors and the private sector to better manage shared resources; the drive for economic growth through regional integration and development; the need to promote peace and security; and more external factors such as globalization and the agendas of international donors and organizations. • Numerous TBNRM initiatives have emerged and are being developed and implemented at a rapid pace. Introduction cont’ • trans-border cooperation is an absolute requirement because; – Species have no regard for international borders; – There is international trade in biological products. – The benefits of biological diversity are of international importance. – Many of the factors that threaten ecosystems are international in scope and require international cooperation. Management of trans-boundary River basin and Lake Basin resources
• Basin-wide agreements and institutional
arrangements The Niger Basin Authority The Okavango River Basin Commission Lake Victoria Initiative The Nile Basin Initiative The Senegal River Development Organization (OMVS) The Gambia River Basin Organization The Niger Basin Authority • nine riparian countries; Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Coté d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Niger, and Nigeria • promotes cooperation ensure integrated development of resources • The specific objectives are: (i) Promoting cooperation and harmonization of water resources policies and programmes; (ii) Planning sub-regional and bilateral projects; (iii) Designing, implementing and maintaining common projects. • Provisions were also made for environmental damage prevention and control, and its conservation including prevention and control of water pollution and promotion of human health as well as flora and fauna in the basin The Okavango River Basin Commission • interstate agreement between governments of Angola, Botswana and Namibia. • based on the principles of International Law regulating the transboundary waters • aimed at promoting and fostering close intercountry cooperation for achieving environmental and other developmental needs • particular emphasis on equitable use and sustainable development of water resources of the Okavango River. The Okavango River Basin Commission • commitment to the implementation of an Environmental Assessment (EA) and an Integrated Management Plan (IMP) for the basin • recognized the threats to the basin and the need for joint management to protect national interests (i) Establish Coordination and Consultation Mechanism. (ii) Transboundary Diagnostic Assessment (iii) Strategic Action Programme Lake Victoria Initiative • Within the Treaty for the establishment of the EAC (November 1999, Arusha, Tanzania) the partner States agreed to take concrete actions to expand agricultural land through irrigation and better management of water catchment areas within the sub region • Efforts in recent years have been initiated for inter- country cooperation in technical studies leading in the future to a Lake Victoria Basin Commission for integrated development of natural resources in the basin Management of transboundary marine resources
• require cooperation at various geopolitical scales
• international cooperation indicated by country participation in agreements and organizations IOTC Indian Ocean and South-East Asia (IOSEA) Convention on Migratory Species The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) CITES Indian Ocean Tuna Commission • intergovernmental organization established under Article XIV of the FAO constitution • mandated to manage tuna and tuna-like species in the Indian Ocean and adjacent seas • to promote cooperation among its members with a view to ensuring, through appropriate management, the conservation and optimum utilisation of stocks, encouraging sustainable development of fisheries functions and responsibilities of IOTC • to keep under review the conditions and trends of the stocks • to encourage, recommend, and coordinate research and development activities in respect of the stocks and fisheries covered by this Agreement, and such other activities as the Commission may decide appropriate, • to adopt, on the basis of scientific evidence, conservation and management measures • To keep under review the economic and social aspects of the fisheries based on the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia (IOSEA)
• MoU on the Conservation and Management of Marine
Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia • South-East Asia and Australia, Northern Indian Ocean, Northwestern Indian Ocean, and Western Indian Ocean • The IOSEA MoU's Conservation and Management Plan • focuses on reducing threats, conserving critical habitat, exchanging scientific data, increasing public awareness and participation, promoting regional cooperation, and seeking resources for implementation. Convention of Migratory Species • aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their range • It is an intergovernmental treaty. • CMS Parties strive towards strictly protecting endangered migratory animals, conserving or restoring the places where they live, mitigating obstacles to migration and controlling other factors that might endanger them Convention of Migratory Species • CMS acts as a framework Convention; Agreements & MoUs • E.g. Agreements that aim to conserve Cetaceans of the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area, Small Cetaceans of the Baltic, North- East Atlantic, Irish and North Seas, Seals in the Wadden Sea, African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds • MoUs: Marine Turtles of the Atlantic Coast of Africa, Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia, Dugongs and their Habitats, Sharks e.t.c The role of projects in management of transboundary aquatic resources
• Agulhas and Somali Current Large Marine
Ecosystems (ASCLME) project • Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project (LVMP) • WIO-LaB Project • South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Projects • Mara River Basin Agulhas and Somali Current Large Marine Ecosystems (ASCLME) project
• nine countries of the western Indian Ocean region, including
Comoros, Kenya,Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa and Tanzania • to gather new and important information about ocean currents and how they interact with and influence the climate, biodiversity and economies of the western Indian Ocean region; • to document the environmental threats that are faced by the countries of the region in a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA); • to develop a Strategic Action Programme (SAP) which sets out a strategy for the countries to collectively deal with transboundary threats; • to strengthen scientific and management expertise, with a view to introducing an ecosystem approach to managing the living marine resources of the western Indian Ocean region. Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project (LVMP)
• Is being implemented jointly by the Republic of Kenya, the
United Republic of Tanzania and the Republic of Uganda to maximize the sustainable benefits to riparian communities of the lake basin from using resources within the Catchment to generate food, employment, income, supply safe water and sustain a disease free environment; to conserve biodiversity and genetic resources for the benefits of both the riparian and global communities; and to harmonize national and regional management programmes in order to achieve to the maximum extent possible the reversal of environmental degradation