Project Planning

1. WHAT IS PROJECT PLANNING ?

 It is a coordinated activity that helps to address
specific problems or meet desired needs
 In particular project planning helps:

- to ensure efficient and effective utilization of

limited resources
- to identify intended beneficiaries and thus
ensures planned benefits or objectives
- to examine a set of alternatives/ ideal projects
and choose the appropriate scenarios/projects
with a given set of criterions

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2. Common Characteristics of Project Planning

 Have a beginning and an ending

 Project inputs are identified, availability secured

and planned
 Decision is made as long as benefits exceeds costs
 Ensures defined responsibilities of different actors
 Is commonly different from routine or day-to-day

works / Is unique by its nature

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 3. Elements of Project Planning
 Defined purpose
 Stakeholders involvement
 Defined ownership
 Defined time schedule
 Detailed cost – benefit analysis
 Defined critical factors
 Defined performance indicators

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4. Classification of Projects
 Timing
 Outputs / Services
 Market coverage
 Geography / Focus area
 Sector
 Technology (labour intensive, capital intensive, etc)

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5. Project Planning Cycle
5.1 Pre – investment Phase
 Project identification
 Project formulation / screening and Assessment
 Project appraisal / ex-ante evaluation
5.2 Implementation Phase
 Design, socio-economic and environment study
 Evaluation and approval
 Procurement
 Contract Management / Project Management
- Defined activities
- Planning

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 Cont’d
- Scheduling/timing
- controlling/follow up
- Handing over
5.3 Operation Phase

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 Designing a Project
Identification

Implementing and
Monitoring the
Learning from the Project
Project and
Evolving

Evaluating the Project

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6. Major Issues of Project Planning
 Desired Project ?
 Planning and Budgeting ?
 Defined benefits and aligned with government policy and
strategy ?
 Defined inputs / availability and sufficiency ?
 Social, economic, environmental and technological and political
viability?
 Action plan and cash flow ?
 Procurement management and Contract management ?
 Institutionalization /Organizational set-up ?
 Ownership and public participation ?
 Monitoring & Evaluation / Reporting / Documentation ?

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7. Reasons for Project Failure

1. Poor project and program management discipline

2. Lack of executive-level support
3. No linkage to the business strategy
4. Wrong team members
5. No measures for evaluating the success of the project
6. No risk management
7. Inability to manage change
8. Weaknesses in exercising public participation

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Thank you

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