Graphical Method of solving L.P.

P
• Formulate the linear programming problem.
• Each inequality in the constraints may be written as equality.
• Plot the constraint lines considering them as equations.
• Identify the feasible region.
• Locate the corner points of the feasible region.
• Calculate the value of objective function on the corner points.
• Choose the point where the objective function has optimal value.
Statement of L P P
A firm producing two products says P1 & P2. Each unit of P1 requires
2kg of raw material and 4 hours for processing. Each unit of P2 requires
5kg of raw material and 3 hours for processing. Weekly availability of
raw material is 50kg and 60 hours for processing. Profit per unit of P1 is
Rs 20 and for P2 is Rs 30.
Formulate this problem as LPP to determine the maximum weekly
profit of firm.
Formulation of L P P

Max Z = 20X + 30Y

Subject to
2X + 5Y < = 50
4X + 3Y <= 60

where X , Y > = 0.
Solve by Graphical Method:

2X + 5Y = 50 --------(1)
4X + 3Y = 60 ------------(2)

Using eq (1)
2X + 5Y = 50
• Put X = 0 we get Y = 10 : ( 0,10)
• Put Y = 0 we get X = 10 : ( 25,0)
 Using eq (2)
4X + 3Y = 60

• Put X = 0 we get Y = 20 : ( 0,20)

• Put Y = 0 we get X = 15 : ( 15,0)

Solving eq (1) and eq(2) .

• 2X + 5Y = 50 --------(1)
• 4X + 3Y = 60 ------------(2)
• We get an intersection point X= 75/7 , y = 40 /7
Solving eq (1) and eq(2) .
2X + 5Y = 50 --------(1)
4X + 3Y = 60 ------------(2)
We get an intersection point X= 40/7 , y = 75 /7
Here the coordinate are
• From eq (1) : ( 0,10) (25,0)
• From eq (2) : (0,20) & (15,0
• int point ( 75 / 7, 40/7) = ( 10.7, 5.71)
 Graphical presentation of all points

0,20

D C
0,10 10.7,
Feasible 5.71

o A B
0,0 15,0 25,0
Corner points of feasible region
Corner Point Vertices Z = 20X + 30Y Value MAX / MIn

O (0.0) Z=0+0 O

A (15,0) Z = 20X15 + 30X0 300

C (75/7 , 40/7) Z = 20X75/7 + 30X 40/7 2700/7 = 385.7 385.71

D (0,10) Z = 20X0 + 30X 10 300

Hence
Optimal value ( max ) of objective function = 385.71
At corner point
( 75/7 , 40/7)
Solution :
Max Z = 385.71 at X = 75/7 and y = 40/7.