LOGICAL STATEMENT

A logical statement is a declarative sentence which

conveys factual information. If the information is
correct then we say the statement is true; and if the
information is incorrect, then we say the statement is
false.Logical statements have two parts: The
hypothesis, which is the premise or set of facts that we
start with, and the conclusion, which is the new fact
that we can infer when the hypothesis is true.
Example
• Problem
Identify the hypothesis and conclusion in the statement,
- “The diagonals of a rectangle have the same length.”
- If a figure is a rectangle, then its diagonals have the same length.
Rewrite in if-then form.
- In this statement, the figure being a rectangle is the given information, and
the equality of the diagonals is the new fact inferred from the known fact.
• Answer
Hypothesis: a figure is a rectangle
Conclusion: the diagonals have equal length
• Problem
Identify the hypothesis and conclusion in the statement,
- “a + b = b + a, where a and b are real numbers.”
- If a and b are real numbers, then a + b = b + a.
- Rewrite as an “if-then” statement.
• Answer
Hypothesis: a and b are real numbers
The hypothesis is the “if” part of the statement.
Conclusion: a + b = b + a
The conclusion is the “then” part of the statement.
 TRUTH TABLES
A truth table is a mathematical table used to
determine if a compound statement is true or false. In a
truth table, each statement is typically represented by a
letter or variable, like p, q, or r, and each statement also
has its own corresponding column in the truth table that
lists all of the possible truth values.
THANK YOU