Lesson 4.

4
Trim and Draft

MP
AP FP

LCF
 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
AP MP FP

DWL

LBP
 MP
CFD

LCF

LCF - The Longitudinal Center of

Flotation
 MP
AP FP

LCF
LCF
LCF
Trimming Moment = w x TA

MP
MP
TA
AP FP
w

LCF

SHIFT - TA equals the longitudinal

distance shifted
 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
DRAG - A design feature having
the draft aft greater than
the draft fwd. Primarily
done to increase plant
effectiveness.

DWL
16' 0" 14' 0"
DRAG = 2 FT By the Stern
TRIM - The difference between
the forward and after
drafts in excess of drag.

DRAG = 0

16' 14'
TRIM = 2 FT By the Stern
 DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

15' 14'

TRIM = 0
 DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

13' 14'

TRIM = 2' By the Bow

 DRAG = 1 Ft By the Stern

17' 13'

TRIM = 3' By the Stern

 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
Trimming Moment = w x TA

AP MP FP
TA
w
LCF

Change in Trim(CT) = TM
MT1"
Trimming Moment = w x TA

AP MP FP
AP MP FP

LCF CT
LCF

Change in Trim(CT) = TM
MT1"
AP MP FP

LCF
AP MP FP

LCF
AP MP FP

CT

LCF
AP MP FP

CT
CTCT
CT
CT

LCF
AP MP FP

CT
df

da
LCF
 CT = df + da

AP MP FP

CT
df

dadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadadada
LCF
 CT = df + da

AP MP FP
LCF
df

LCF LBP/2

LBP/2 + LCF
LBP
AP MP FP

CT

LCF

LBP
 df
df
df
LBP/2 + LCF
LBP/2 + LCF d f

LBP/2 + LCF df CT
LBP/2 + LCFdf CT
CT
LBP/2 + LCF df CT
LBP/2 + LCF CT
df CT
LBP/2 + LCF CT
df LBP
LBP
LBP CT
LBP/2 + LCF LBP CT
df LBP CT
LBP/2 + LCF = LBP LBP
LBP
LBP
LBP/2 + LCF
 df CT
df = CT
LBP/2 + LCF = LBP
LBP
LBP/2 + dfLCF CT
=
(LBP/2
LBP/2 dfLCF + LCF)
+ LBP
CT
=
dfLBP/2 = x CT
dfLCFLBP LBP
+ CT
=
LBP/2 +dfLCF LBP
CT
CT = d=f + LBP
da
LBP/2 + dfLCF CT
=
LBP/2d+ad=fLCF
CT - LBPdCTf
=
LBP/2 + LCF LBP
 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
LCF
LCF
 w
PARALLEL SINKAGE =
TPI
Parallel Sinkage (PS) is the distance
that the drafts fore and aft increase due
to a weight addition.

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
 w
PARALLEL SINKAGE =
TPI
Parallel Sinkage (PS) is the distance
that the drafts fore and aft increase due
to a weight addition.

Parallel Rise (PR) is the distance that

the drafts fore and aft decrease due to
a weight removal.

PARALLEL RISE = -w
TPI
Any weight addition can be equated
to an addition at LCF and a shift to
its final location.

AP MP FP

LCF
Anyaweight
For weightaddition
additioncan
thebe equated
Trimming
to an(TA)
Arm addition at LCF
is equal and
to the a shift to
distance
its final
from LCFlocation.
to the center of the weight

AP MP FP
TA

LCF
AP MP FP

LCF
AP MP FP

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
AP MP FP

TA

LCF
AP MP FP

LCF
TOTAL DRAFT = PS/PR + df or a

AP MP FP

df
PS PS
da
LCF
 Class Topics

• Longitudinal Stability Terms

• Drag / Trim
• Longitudinal Weight Shifts
• Example
• Longitudinal Weight Adds/Removals
• Examples
COMPT
LBP = 500
# 3-100-0-L
FT B = 24 FT
FLOODED
LCF = 30 FTTOaftAof
DEPTH
MP L = 30 FT
OF 6 FT H = 12 FT

AP MP FP

30' 130 100

LCF
280

500 250 0
WTsw = B x L x D = 123.4 T B = 24 FT
35 L = 30 FT
Wo = 4500 T D = 6 FT
Wf = 4623.4 T
AP MP FP

130 100

LCF
280

500 250 0
TPI = 40 T/IN
PS = w = 123.4 T = 3.09 IN
TPI 40 T/IN

AP MP FP

130
130
130 100
100
100
130
130 100
100

LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
LCF
280
280
280
280
280
500 250 0
TA = 280 - 115 = 165 FT

TM = 165 FT x 123.4 T = 20361 FT-T

AP MP FP

TA
130 100

LCF 115
280
500 250 0
TA = 280 - 115 = 165 FT

TM = 165 FT x 123.4 T = 20361 FT-T

AP MP FP

LCF
280
500 250 0
MT1" = 1050 FT-T/IN
CT = TM = 20361 FT-T = 19.39 IN
MT1" 1050 FT-T/IN
AP MP FP

CT
LCF
280
500 250 0
 df = (LBP/2 + LCF) x CT
LBP
= (250 + 30) x 19.39 = 10.86 IN
500
AP MP FP

LCF df
280
500 250 0
 da = CT - df = 19.39 - 10.86 = - 8.53 IN
DRAFTf = PS + df = 10.86 + 3.09
= 13.95 IN

AP MP FP

da PS
DRAFTf
LCF df
280
500 250 0
 DRAFTa = PS + da = 3.09 - 8.53
= -5.44 IN

AP MP FP

DRAFTa
da PS PS
DRAFTf
LCF df
280
500 250 0