STEEL DESIGN

By: Engr. John Paul O. Santos, SO2

AUGUST
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2021 reproduced, or transported or shared to others without
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CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL
All purpose carbon steel (A36),
(A 529)
 Contains 1.7% Carbon, 1.65% manganese, 0.6%
Silicon and 0.60% Copper.
 The common type the A36 has a yield stress of 248
kPa, is suitable for bolted, welded or riveted bridges
and buildings
High strength Low- Alloy Structural
Steel (A 441 & A 572)
 Obtains higher strengths and other properties by the
addition of more alloys such as columbium, vanadium,
chromium, silicon, copper and nickel.
 Has yield stresses as low as 276 Mpa and a high as 484
MPa
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CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL

Atmospheric-Corrosion- Quenched and Tempered Allow Steel

Resistance High-Strength Low
Alloy Structural Steel  These structural steels have an alloy in excess of those
 These structural steel are alloyed with small used in the carbon steels, and they are heat- treated by
quenching and tempering to obtain strong and tough
percentages of copper to become more corrosion
steel with yield strengths which ranges from 484MPa
resistant. When exposed to the atmosphere, the surface to 760 MPa. Some of the ASTM grades of steel under
of these steel oxidize and form a very tightly adherent these type are (A53, A500, A570, A606, A618 and
film which prevents oxidation and thus eliminates the A709)
need for painting. This type of structural steel is
particularly used for structures with exposed members
that are difficult to pain, such as bridges, electrical
transmission towers

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Properties of
Structural
Steel

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 Structural Steel ASTM A36
Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot Dipped, Zinc-
ASTM A53, grade B
Coated Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe
ASTM (American
High- Strength Low-alloy Structural Steel
Society for Testing ASTM A242
High- Strength Low-alloy Structural
and Materials) Manganese Vanadium Steel
ASTM A441

Designation of Cold-formed Welded and Seamless Carbon

Structural Steel Steel Structural Tubing in rounds and ASTM A500
shapes
Cold- Formed Welded and Seamless Cabon
Material conforming to Steel Structural Tubing
ASTM A501
one of the following
High- Yield Strength Quenched and
standard specifications Tempered Alloy- Steel Plate, Suitable for ASTM A514
is approved for use Welding
under the 501.3 NSCP Structural Steel with 290 MPa Minimum
ASTM A529
Specifications Yield Point
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Carbon, Hot-rolled,
ASTM A570
Structural Quality
High-strength, Low-alloy Columbium-
ASTM A572
Vanadium Steels of Structural Quality
ASTM (American
Society for Testing
and Materials) High Strength Low alloy structural steel
with 3455 Mpa Minimum Yield point to 100 ASTM A588
Designation of mm thick
Structural Steel Steel, Sheet and strip, High Strength, Low
Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-rolled. With
ASTM A606
Improved Atmospheric Corrosion
Material conforming to Resistance
one of the following Steel, Sheet and strip, High Strength, Low Alloy,
standard specifications Colombium or Vanadium, or both Hot Rolled and ASTM A607
Cold-Rolled
is approved for use
under the 501.3 NSCP Hot- Formed Welded and Seamless High
ASTM A618
Strength Low Alloy Structural tubing
Specifications
Structural Steel for Bridges ASTM A709
STEEL SECTIONS

Steel Section are usually designed by

the shapes of their cross sections. The
common types are W sections(Wide
Flange), S-Beam (American Standard
Beam), American Standard Channels
Tee Sections and angular Sections

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W Shapes
American wide-flange I or H-shaped steel beams are
referred to as W shapes and are designated by the letter W
followed by their nominal depth in millimeters, with their
mass in kg/m as the last designation

Example:

W 410x85 means that this W shape is 410mm deep and

has a mass of 85 kg/m. this shape consists of two
rectangular-shaped flanges connected by a rectangular
plate and symmetrical about both the x and y axes.

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S Shapes
These shapes were formerly called I-beams and American
Standard Beams. The difference between W shapes and S
shapes are
1. The flange width of the S Shape is narrower than the
W Shape
2. The inner face of the flange of the S Shape has a
slope of about 16.7ᵒ

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M Shapes (also called HP Shapes)
These are doubly symmetrical shapes which are not
classified as W or S shape. They are symmetrical both x
and y axes

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C Shapes
These are channel shapes formerly called American
Standard Channels . The inner face of the flange has the
same slope as S shapes

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MC Shapes
These were formerly called ship building or
miscellaneous Channels and are not classified as C
Shapes

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L Shapes
These are either equal or unequal leg angles. All angles
have parallel flange faces.

Example: Equal angle section L 200x200x30 Example: Unequal angle section L 200x150x25

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Structural Tee or Split Tee
Structural Tees are obtained by splitting W, S or M shapes such that
each split Section has one half the area of the original Shape. Nominal Example WT 300x119.3
depth is 300 mm and a mass of 119.3 kg/m obtained by splitting W
600x238.6 shape

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FLOOR LIVE LOADS

Floors shall be designed for the unit live loads as shown on table

1.5. These loads shall be taken as the minimum live loads in

Kilonewton per square meter of horizontal projection to be used in

the design of buildings for the occupancies listed, and loads at least

equal shall be assumed for uses not listed in this section but that

create or accommodate similar loadings.

Where it can be determined in design floors that the actual load will

be greater than the value shown in Table 1.5, the actual live load

shall be used in the design of such buildings or portions thereof.

Special provisions shall be made for machine and apparatus loads,.

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 THANK
YOU!

WARNING: No part of this E-module/LMS Content can be

reproduced, or transported or shared to others without
permission from the University. Unauthorized use of the
materials, other than personal learning use, will be penalized.
Please be guided accordingly.