Safety and Security During

Pandemic and Disasters

Adrian Abon
 What is COVID-19?

• COVID-19 is the disease caused by a new coronavirus

called SARS-CoV-2. WHO first learned of this new
virus on 31 December 2019, following a report of a
cluster of cases of ‘viral pneumonia’ in Wuhan,
People’s Republic of China.
 What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

• The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are

• Fever
• Dry cough
• Fatigue
 What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
• Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include:
• Loss of taste or smell,
• Nasal congestion,
• Conjunctivitis (also known as red eyes)
• Sore throat,
• Headache,
• Muscle or joint pain,
• Different types of skin rash,
• Nausea or vomiting,
• Diarrhea,
• Chills or dizziness.
 What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

• Symptoms of severe COVID‐19 disease include:

• Shortness of breath,
• Loss of appetite,
• Confusion,
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest,
• High temperature (above 38 °C).
 What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
• Other less common symptoms are:
• Irritability,
• Confusion,
• Reduced consciousness (sometimes associated with seizures),
• Anxiety,
• Depression,
• Sleep disorders,
• More severe and rare neurological complications such as strokes, brain inflammation, delirium and nerve
damage.

• People of all ages who experience fever and/or cough associated with difficulty breathing or
shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure, or loss of speech or movement should seek
medical care immediately. If possible, call your health care provider, hotline or health facility
first, so you can be directed to the right clinic.
 What happens to people who get COVID-19?

• Among those who develop symptoms, most (about 80%) recover

from the disease without needing hospital treatment. About 15%
become seriously ill and require oxygen and 5% become critically ill
and need intensive care.
• Complications leading to death may include respiratory failure, acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and septic shock,
thromboembolism, and/or multiorgan failure, including injury of the
heart, liver or kidneys.
• In rare situations, children can develop a severe inflammatory
syndrome a few weeks after infection. 
 Who is most at risk of severe illness from COVID-19?

• People aged 60 years and over, and those with underlying medical
problems like high blood pressure, heart and lung problems,
diabetes, obesity or cancer, are at higher risk of developing serious
illness.

• However, anyone can get sick with COVID-19 and become seriously
ill or die at any age.
Are there long-term effects of COVID-19?

• Some people who have had COVID-19, whether

they have needed hospitalization or not,
continue to experience symptoms, including
fatigue, respiratory and neurological symptoms.
How can we protect ourselves if
we don’t know who is infected?
Physical Distancing
Wearing a mask, especially when distancing cannot be maintained.
Keeping rooms well ventilated
Avoiding crowds and close contact
Wash your hands regularly
Coughing into a bent elbow or tissue
Check local advice where you live and work.
DO IT ALL!
 When should I get a test for COVID-19?

• Anyone with symptoms should be tested, wherever possible. People

who do not have symptoms but have had close contact with
someone who is, or may be, infected may also consider testing –
contact your local health center and follow their guidance.

• While a person is waiting for test results, they should remain

isolated from others.
 What should I do if I have been exposed to someone who has
COVID-19?

• If you have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, you may become infected, even if you feel well.

• After exposure to someone who has COVID-19, do the following:

– Call your health center or COVID-19 hotline to find out where and when to get a test.
– Cooperate with contact-tracing procedures to stop the spread of the virus.
– If testing is not available, stay home and away from others for 14 days.
– While you are in quarantine, do not go to work, to school or to public places. Ask someone to bring you supplies.
– Keep at least a 1-metre distance from others, even from your family members.
– Wear a medical mask to protect others, including if/when you need to seek medical care.
– Clean your hands frequently.
– Stay in a separate room from other family members, and if not possible, wear a medical mask.
– Keep the room well-ventilated.
– If you share a room, place beds at least 1 meter apart.
– Monitor yourself for any symptoms for 14 days.
– Stay positive by keeping in touch with loved ones by phone or online, and by exercising at home.
Disasters and your
Family: Be
Prepared
 Preparing your Family
• Know where to get reliable news and information about weather and disasters. Arrange a few different ways to receive
alerts, such as texts.
• Know the basics about what to do in a fire, such as getting low to avoid smoke or feeling doorknobs for heat before
opening them. Have a fire escape plan.
• If you live in an area affected by hurricanes, and earthquakes, know how to recognize the signs and where to go in case
of emergency.
• Make sure all family members know how to call government emergency hotline (MDRRMO).
• Decide on a person (preferably not a local person who might be affected by the same disaster) that everyone can
contact if you are separated.
• Have a meeting place outside the house where family members can go if you are separated and can't reach each other.
• Practice! That is the best way to be sure the information sticks. Have fire drills and drills for other possible disasters
where you live. If you have young children, try making it a game—they will be less scared and more willing to practice
regularly.
• Plan for where you would go if you had to evacuate. If you have pets, make sure the place you are going will accept
them.
• If you plan to purchase a generator for extended power outages after disasters, be sure to learn about steps to prevent
carbon monoxide poisoning.
 Put together a family disaster kit
• A first-aid kit
• Water (2 gallons per day per person)
• Flashlights, batteries, chargers
• A battery-operated radio
• Non-perishable foods, such as canned foods (include a can opener)
• Cups and utensils (you can pick up some inexpensive camping kits)
• Spare clothes, and a blanket or two
• Supplies for pets
• Medications—if you can, try to stay ahead of your refills and keep one in the
disaster kit. At the very least, take a picture of the bottle so that you know
exactly what you take.
 Put together a family disaster kit

• Extra supplies to include during the COVID-19 pandemic for

unvaccinated family members
– Hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol, bar or liquid soap
– Disinfectant wipes (if available)
– Two masks for each person over age 2
“Always remember that
prevention is better than cure.
Being prepared can save your
life and your love ones.”
Thank You!
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