C H AP T E R V :

IC AL E DU C A T I O N I N T H E
PHYS
D A R K A G ES
NOVELO AND GAY
E,
PRESENTED BY: DEL MONT
MAIN TOPICS
•I. PHYSICAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE TEUTONIC BARBARIANS

•II. STATUS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE EARLY CHRISTIAN

SOCIETY

•III. EDUCATION WITHOUT PHYSICAL EDUCATION

PHYSICAL CONTRIBUTION OF TEUTONIC BARBARIANS

•A. THE DECLINE OF ROME

•B. THE SIGNIFICANT OF THE INVASION

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THE DECLINE OF ROME

A. THE GREATNESS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

ROME WAS THE MOST POWERFUL EMPIRE IN EUROPE HAD EVER SEEN.

WHY ROME FELL?

B. CAUSES
• DEPOPULATION
• DIVORCES
• FEW MARRIAGES
• LOW BIRTH RATE
• LOW MAN POWER
• ECONOMIC RUIN
• PAUPERISM
• SLAVE SYSTEM
OTHER CAUSES:
• INVASION BY BARBARIAN TRIBE
• ECONOMIC TROUBLE AND OVERRELIANCE ON SLAVE LABOR
• THE RISE OF THE EASTERN EMPIRE
• OVER EXPANSION AND MILITARY OVERSPENDING
• GOVERNMENT CORRUPTION AND POLITICAL INSTABILITY
• CHRISTIANITY AND THE LOSS OF TRADITIONAL VALUE
• WEAKENING OF THE ROMAN LEGION
C. THE TEUTON FROM NORTHERN EUROPE
1. VISIGOTHS OCCUPIED SPAIN IN 462 A.D

THE GERMANIC KINGDOMS: THE VISIGOTH

- VISIGOTHS ORIGINALLY CAME FROM THE BALTIC SEA, FROM REGION IN
SWEDEN CALLED GOTHLAND
• REASON WHY GERMANIC PEOPLE OCCUPIED SPAIN?

TERRITORIAL UNIFICATION

RELIGIOUS UNIFICATION (CATHOLICISM)

LEGISLATIVE UNIFICATION (LAW CODE)

2. VANDALS SEIZED NORTH AFRICA

3. FRANKS AND BURGUNDIANS CAPTURED THE SETTLED GAUL

4. THE ANGLE AND SAXONS TOCK BRITAIN

5. OSTROGOTHS OCCUPIED ITALY

WHO ARE THE VANDALS?

• THE VANDALS TRIBE NAME COMES FROM THE LATIN “VANDALI”, THAT
MEANS SOMEONE WHO INTENTIONALLY DEFACES OR DESTROY THE PUBLIC
OR PRIVATE PROPERTIES.
• THE WORD “VANDAL” IS ACTUALLY USED TO REFER SOMEONE WHO
COMMITS A CRIME.
LOCATION

• THE VANDALS WERE ORIGINALLY FROM CENTRAL EUROPE, BUT THEY

MOVED TO NORTH AFRICA BY CROSSING THE GIBRALTAR STRETCH IN
HISPANIA
• FROM NORTH AFRICA THEY COULD LOOT ROME AND CONQUER SICILY,
CORSICA, SARDINIA AND THE BALEARICS.
THE VANDALS

• LED BY GENSERIC (LIVED CIRCA 389 CE - 477 CE)

• CROSSED GAUL, TO SPAIN, TO NORTH AFRICA
• ESTABLISHED VANDAL KINGDOM AROUND CARTHAGE AND ON ISLAND
SUCH AS CORSICA AND SARDINIA
• FAMOUSLY SACKED ROME IN 455 CE
• AFTER MURDER OF EMPEROR VALENTINIAN III
• PLUNDERED CITY’S RICHES – ORIGIN OF TERM VANDALISM
• KIDNAPPED EMPEROR’S WIDOW, LICINIA EUDOXIA, AND DAUGHTERS,
EUDOCIA AND PLACIDIA
• EUDOCIA WAS MARRIED OFF TO HUNERIC, THE SON OF GENSERIC
FINALLY CONQUERED BY THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE IN 533 CE
THE FRANKS

• KINGDOM IN GAUL
BECAME KNOWN AS ‘FRANCE” AFTER THE FRANKS

• UNITED UNDER KING CLOVIS (LIVED CIRCA 466-511 CE

THE FIRST KING OF RANCE (RULED 481 – 511 CE)
MARRIED CHRISTIAN BURGUNDIAN PRINCES, CLOTILDE
CONVERTED TO CHRISTIANITY

THE BURGUNDIANS

• LATE 400S TO 530S

• FOUNDED A KINGDOM IN SOUTHERN GAUL (MODERN FRANCE) IN THE VALLEY OF THE RHONE
ANGLES, SAXONS AND JUTES
• 400S
• MOVED INTO BRITANNIA AS THE ROMAN EMPIRE DECLINED
• GAVE THE AREA ITS NAME
-ENGLAND = “ANGELS LAND”
• OLD ENGLISH LANGUAGE
-MOST CLOSELY RELATED TO FRISAN, A GERMAN DIALECT
ANGLE-SAXONS
• THE ANGLO SAXONS WERE GOOD WARRIORS, MOST OF THE TIME THEY WON THE
BATTLE THEY FIGHT, THEY CONTROLLED MOST OF ENGLAND.
• A TERM USED BY HISTORIANS TO DESIGNATE THE GERMANIC TRIBES WHO INVADED
THE SOUTH AND EAST TO GREAT BRITAIN IN BEGINNING IN THE EARLY 5 TH CENTURY AD.

AREAS OF BRITAIN THE SETTLERS OCCUPIED

ANGLES TO NORTHUMBRIA AND MERCIA
SAXONS TO EAST ANGLIA
JUTES TO WESSEX
THE REASON WHY THE ANGLES AND SAXONS SETTLE IN BRITAIN

• COLLECT STONES TO BUILD THEIR HUTS ON

• USE THE BETTER SOIL TO GROW CROPS
• LANDS WERE OFTEN FLOODED
• THE LAND WAS WARMER
• TO HAVE THE PRECIOUS OBJECTS AND GOLD
• THE RIVERS GAVE EASY ROUTES IN LAND
THE OSTROGOTHS

• LED BY THEODORIC THE GREAT (LIVED 454-526 AD)

- RAISED AT THE COURT IN CONSTANTINOPLE AS A TRADITIONAL HOSTAGE, RETURNING TO THE
OSTROGOTHS AT AGE 31 YEARS.

• INVADED THE KINGDOM OF ITALY

- CAPITAL CITY – RAVENNA

• CONQUERED BY THE EMPEROR JUSTINIAN (EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE) IN 554 AD

 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE INVASION
1. PRODUCE THE “DARK AGES”
a. LITERATURE AND LEARNING CEASED TO ADVANCE

b.ROADS, BRIDGES, ETC

c. CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENTS, DESTROYED

d.ALL GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS WERE ENDANGERED

Topic
 STATUS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN
THE EARLY CHRISTIAN SOCIETY
A. EARLY CHRISTIAN IDEALS
1. THE NEW RELIGION
a.CONVERTS REFRAIN FROM THE WORSHIP OF THE GODS

b.MUST NOT ATTEND THE GAMES OF THE CIRCUS

c.SHOULD NOT FIGHT FOR THE ARMY, BUT DIE FOR JESUS
Topic
2. THE ROMAN AND THE GREEK PROMOTED ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, LITERATURE,
PHILOSOPHY, AND SOUGHT MENTAL AND PHYSICAL PERFECTION

3. THE CHRISTIAN CONSIDERED THESE FOOLISH PASTIMES

a. TIME TO BE SPENT IN PRAYER, PENANCE, AND MEDITATION

b. CHRISTIAN THEORY – BODY WAS SATAN AND THE SOUL, OF GOD

 4. THEODOSIEUS ABOLISHED THE OLYMPIA GAMES 394 A.C. BECAUSE THEY
WERE PAGAN IN THEIR INFLUENCE

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B. ASCETICISM AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION
1. EAST, ESPECIALLY SYRIA AND EGYPT, ACCEPTED CHRISTIANITY. THE IDEA THAT ALL
WORDLY PURSUITS OF PLEASURE WERE EVIL, BECAUSE BASIS OF THE ASCETICISM

2. ASCETICISM THE HIGHEST IDEAL OF MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY REFERS TO SUBJUGATION

OF FLESH WITH IT PASSIONS AND WORDLY DESIRES SO THAT THE SOUL MAY TRISE TO
THE SPIRITUAL HEIGHTS.

3. ASCETICISM AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION ARE DIAMETRICALLY OPPOSED.

a.ASCETIST- SAINT, ANATOMY AND SAINT SIMON
1)“UNCLEANLINESS WAS NEXT TO GODLINESS”
III. EDUCATION WITHOUT PHYSICAL EDUCATION

A. IN THE MONASTERIES
1. SAINT BENEDICT ORGANIZED THE MONASTERIES IN EUROPE
a.PRACTICE – RETIREMENT FROM THE WORLD
1. MANUAL LABOR – 7 HOURS
2. READING AND STUDY – 2 HOURS DAILY
3. PRAYER, MEAL AND SLEEP – ALSO SPECIFIED
4. MANUAL LABOR, A MEANS OF SUBDUING THE FLESH AND SCAPING FROM EVILS
a.“TO LABOR IS TO PRAY”
b. SERVICE OF THE MONKS

1. PRESERVED THE CLASSICAL LEARNING

2. KEPT RECORDS OF EVENTS
3. REPRODUCED THE WORKS OF MANY AUTHORS
4. ORGANIZED SCHOOLS – AIMS, METHOD, AND CONTENT WERE
DOMINATED BY ASCETICISM
B.IN THE MEDIEVAL UNIVERSITY

1. UNIVERSITY OF PARIS, BOLOGNA, AND SALERMO, MOST FAMOUS

2. SUBECTS – GRAMMAR, RHETORIC, LOGIC, ASTRONOMY, MATHEMATICS,
LAW, MEDICINE, AND THEOLOGY WERE IN THEIR TAUGHT BY LECTURE AND
DEBATES
3. PHYSICAL EDUCATION – NO PLACE IN THEIR CURRICULUM
a.LEISURE TIME SPENT IN DRINKING, GAMBLING, CAROUSALS, AND RIOTS
b.ARGUMENT FO PHYSICAL EDUCATION – IT TENDS TO PREVENT
BOISTEROUS PRANKS.
THA NK Y OU BP E D 1 -1 !