DESCRIPTION OF SETS

Null sets
-a set with no elements
G = {days in a week starting with
letter ‘K’}
G=ø G = {}
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
FINITE AND INFINITE SETS
FINITE SET
THE SET HAS A FINITE NUMBER OF ELEMENTS.
THE SET HAS ITS FIRST AND LAST ELEMENTS.
THE NUMBER OF ELEMENTS OF A FINITE SET IS CALLED
CARDINALITY OF THE SET.
•CARDINALITY OF THE SET
DENOTED BY n(S); S is the name of the set.
EXAMPLE

E = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} n(E) = 6
F = {a, b, c, d} n(F) = 4
G = {m, a, t, h} n(G) = 4
INFINITE SET
THE SYMBOL OF THE INFINITE SET IS ∞.
THE LAST TERM OF THE INFINITE SET IS NOT DEFINED.
ELLIPSIS (…) IS USED TO INDICATE THE CONTINUING
ELEMENTS OF INFINITE SETS.
EXAMPLE

R = (1, 2, 3, 4, …) n(R) = ∞
T = {2, 4, 6, 8, …} n(T) = ∞
Q = {x I x is a counting number} n(Q) = ∞
W = {-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, …} n(W) = -∞
EQUAL SETS AND
EQUIVALENT SETS
EQUAL SET
TWO SETS THAT CONTAIN EXACTLY THE SAME
ELEMENTS.

EXAMPLE
M = {1, 2, 3} and N = {3, 2, 1}
EQUIVALENT SETS
TWO SETS THAT CONTAIN EXACTLY THE SAME
NUMBER OF ELEMENTS.

EXAMPLE
H = {a, b, c} and J = {d, e, f}
E = {T, R, U, S, T} and F = {F, A, I, T, H}
UNIVERSAL SET
- all elements that you can see on the given sets
Consider this example
U= { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 }
A = { 2, 4} , B = { 4, 6, 8 } , C = ( 2, 8, 10}
Notice that all the element in the Set A, B and C are
in the universal set U.

MATH 7 RCT JHS Department

Given:
A = {1, 3, 4, 5}
B = {2, 4, 5, 6}

{1, 3, 4, 5, 2, 6}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Given:
A = {3, 5, 6, 8, 9}
B = {1, 3, 4, 5, 6}

{3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 1, 4}
{1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9}
SEATWORK
SET A
DIRECTIONS: IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING.
1. A = { p, o, t } and B = {t, o, p} Null set
2. G = {} Finite set
3. H = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, …}
Infinite set
4. R = {x I x is a color of the rainbow}
Equal set
5. T = {c, l, e, a, n} and L = {b, r, a, k, e}
Equivalent set
SEATWORK
SET B
DIRECTIONS: IDENTIFY THE CARDINALITY OF EACH SET.
1. A = { p, o, t } and B = {t, o, p}
2. G = {}
3. H = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, …}
4. R = {x I x is a color of the rainbow}
5. T = {c, l, e, a, n} and L = {b, r, a, k, e}
Intersection and Union of Sets

Intersection of Sets
Union of Sets
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
Intersection of Sets
 Intersection of Sets
- elements which are
common to both
given sets.
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
 The intersection of set A and B , written as A ∩ 𝐵,
is the set containing the elements that are
common to both A and B.

Example: Consider set A and B:

A ={ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } , B = { 2, 4, 6, 8 }

Find 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵
Solution: 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = { 2, 4 }
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
Union of Sets
 Union of Sets
- combination of
elements in the given
set.
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
The union of set A and B written as 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵, is the
set elements that in A, or in B, or both A and B.
Example:
Let 𝐴 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑} and 𝐵 = {𝑏, 𝑑, 𝑓, 𝑔}

Find 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵
Solution: 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = { 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑓, 𝑔}
MATH 7 RCT JHS Department
SEATWORK
DIRECTIONS: DETERMINE THE INTERSECTION AND UNION OF THE GIVEN SET.
1. A = {3, 6, 9, 12} ; B = {6, 8, 9}
AUB=?
A ∩B=?
2. G = {x I x is a vowel in the word ‘healthy’} ; H = {y I y is a vowel in the word
‘delicious’}
GUH=?
G ∩H=?