Automatic Road Reflector Light

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 CONTENTS
Timer
Resistors
Capacitors
Logic Gates
Diode
Transistors
Relay
Buzzer
Switch
Project overview
The Automatic Road Reflector is a simple but effective system will help us automate the
traditional road reflectors.
A raised pavement marker is a safety device used on road to guide the vehicles along the path
at the time of night. The Automatic Road Reflector system is designed to replace this currently
being used safety device. The proposed system is designed to sense the intensity of ambient
light and work accordingly. At the time of low light, the system senses the ambient light has
been decreased and it lights up the reflector. On the other hand, the system will turn itself
into power saving mode at the time of bright light and will save energy.
To sense the intensity of light, the system consists of a photoresistor or light-dependent
resistor. The Light Dependent Resistor works on the basic principle of photoconductivity,
making them useful in light sensing. The term photoconductivity stands for a phenomenon in
which the conductivity of a substance increases while in contact with light. In general terms,
the LDR is made up of substance who has a low conductivity in darkness, and whenever it
comes in the contact with light the conductive property of the sensor increases. A typical light
dependent resistor has a resistance in the darkness of 1MOhm and in the brightness a
resistance of a couple of KOhm.
The Automatic Road Reflector can be very essential in leading the vehicles on their path at the
time of night. The color of the LED can be rearranged in order to fulfill various requirements.
They can be used to divide the road, show a curvature or an exit on the road. They can be very
useful at the places like the airport and airport hangers where various colors of road reflectors
are used to fulfill various purposes.
Block diagram
RELAY

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays

use an electromagnet to operate a switching
mechanism mechanically, but other operating
principles are also used. Relays are used where it is
necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal
(with complete electrical isolation between control
and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must
be controlled by one signal.
 BC547
The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial
Silicon Transistor.
The BC547 transistor is a general-purpose
transistor in small plastic packages.
 It is used in general-purpose switching and
amplification BC847/BC547 series 45 V, 100 mA
NPN general-purpose transistors.
Whenever base is high, then current starts
flowing through base and emitter and after that
only current will pass from collector to emitter
 
 BC557
The BC557 transistor is an PNP Epitaxial Silicon
Transistor 
The BC557 transistor is a general-purpose transistor in
small plastic packages. It is used in general-purpose
switching and amplification BC847/BC547 series 45 V, 100
mA PNP general-purpose transistors.
The arrow in the PNP transistor symbol is on the emitter
leg and points in the direction of the conventional current
flow when the device is in forward active mode.