LI LBM 3

Modul KB dan Kependudukan

 1. What are component of demographic?
Explain!

There are 3 factors influence growth people in a country:

 Fertilitas / natalitas
 Mortalitas
 migration
Fertilitas : capability of women to be born that refer to
count of baby that has born.
Indicator of fertilitas:
Crude birth rate (CBR) : show count of birth in a year per 1000
people in the middle of same year
CBR = count of birth x 1000
count of people
Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
General Fertility Rate (GFR) : show count of birth in per 1000 women in
fertile age (WUS) in a year.
GFR = count of birth x 1000
count of WUS

Age Spesific Fertility Rate (ASFR): show the count of birth per 1000 women in
certain age, between 15-49 years old.
GFR = count of birth x 1000
count of mom

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) : show the average of birth of women while she was
in fertile period.
GFR = 5 (count ASFR)
1000
 Mortalitas : lost all of life sign permanently.
Indocators:
Crude death rate (CDR) : show count of death in certain period
GFR = count of death x 1000
count of people
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): show count of death that happened
after the baby born until before 1 year.
IMR = count of baby death x 1000
count of life born
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) : death occurs during
pregnancy or 42 days after termination of pregnancy.
Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
 MMR = count of mom death x 1000
count of life born

Migration : transfering people from a region to other region.

Bruto migration : count of migration enter and exit in a region.
Formula= (count of mirgation in) – (count of mirgation exit) x 1000
count of people in the middle year
Neto migration : difference between migration enter and exit.
Positif : migration enter > exit. Negatif : migration enter < exit
Formula= (count of mirgation in) – (count of mirgation exit) x 1000
count of people in the middle year

Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
 2. What are the purpose and benefit of
study demographic?

Studying the quantity, composition, and distribution

of the population in a given area and the changes.
Explaining the growth of the past and to estimate
future population growth.
Develop a causal relationship between population
growth and development of various aspects of social,
economic, cultural, political, environmental and
security.
Learn and anticipate possible impacts arising from
population growth in the future.
Source: Mantra, Ida Bagoes.2003. Demografi Umum. Pustaka Pelajar Offset, Yogyakarta
 3. How to get demographic data?
Amount of people can be know from:
People census: by Goverment. Every 10 years.
People registration: independent by the people.
Occurs when people make a KTP / akte kelahiran/ etc.
Survey people: SUPAS, Susenas, SKRT, SDKI

Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
 4. What are MDGs and explain about MDGs!

Indonesia has commited to reach the goal Millenium

Development Goals (MDG) :
 reduce child mortality rate 2/3 from 1990 become 20
per 1000 baby born in 2015.
reduce maternal mortality rate 3/4 from 1990 become
124 per 100.000 (kelahiran) in 2015.

Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
5. What are SDGs and explain about the
differences between MDGs and SDGs?
6. What are the affecting factor of
mortality?

Pro mortality
Decrease awarness people about their healthy
Unadequate health facility
Nutrition deficiency
Nature disaster
War, epidemic disease, homicide
Anti mortality
Increase awarness people about their healthy
Adequate health facility
Good Nutrition
Increase expert in medicine
Advancement in medicine
Mortality factors:
White skin < brown skin
Biologis social factors
Genetic economic
environtment

Certain job has higher mortality risk

a) wedding status : mortality in married people lower than unmerried people
b) residence (tempat tinggal) : mortality in village lower than people that stay
in city
c) life style : cleanlines, health service, ect  mortality lower tha people that
usually smoking, bad habbit in food and drink.
d) genetic factor : genetically inherited diseases
 7. How to measure mortality rate?
Crude death rate (CDR) : show count of death in certain period
GFR = count of death x 1000
count of people
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): show count of death that
happened after the baby born until before 1 year.
IMR = count of baby death x 1000
count of life born
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) : death occurs during
pregnancy or 42 days after termination of pregnancy.
MMR = count of mom death x 1000
count of life born
Source: Yuhedi, Lucky T dan Titik Kurniawati. 2013. Buku ajar kependudukan dan
pelayanan KB. Jakarta: EGC
8. What are the factor that
cause MMR?
Factors that causing MMR:
Born-death
Complication of pregnancy
9. How to decrease MMR?
Increase treatment for mother after pregnant
termination
Increase obstetric ability
Advance in lerning medicine (treatement)