Object Oriented Programming

CS F213
J. Jennifer Ranjani
email: jennifer.ranjani@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in
BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus
 String Tokenizer
User defined
immutable classes
BITS Pilani
Wrapper classes
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 BITS Pilani
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String Tokenizer
String Tokenizer
• java.util.StringTokenizer class allows you to break a
string into tokens
• default delimiter set, which is " \t\n\r\f" : the space character, the tab character,
the newline character, the carriage-return character, and the form-feed character.

Constructor
StringTokenizer(String str)
StringTokenizer(String
delim)
StringTokenizer(String str,
delim, boolean returnValue)
Description
creates StringTokenizer with
specified string.
str, String creates StringTokenizer with
specified string and delimeter.
String creates StringTokenizer with
specified string, delimeter and
returnValue. If return value is true,
delimiter characters are considered
to be tokens. If it is false, delimiter
characters serve to separate tokens.

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Methods

Public method Description

boolean hasMoreTokens() checks if there is more tokens available.

String nextToken() returns the next token from the

StringTokenizer object.

String nextToken(String delim) returns the next token, after switching to

the new delimiter.

boolean hasMoreElements() same as hasMoreTokens() method.

Object nextElement() same as nextToken() but its return type

is Object.

int countTokens() returns the total number of tokens.

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String Tokenizer - Example
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class test{
public static void main(String args[]){
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer("my name is \t khan \n");
int i=0,j;
j = st.countTokens();
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
System.out.println(st.nextToken());
i++;
Output:
} my
System.out.println("i: "+i+"and j: "+j); name
System.out.println( st.countTokens()); is
} khan
i: 4 and j: 4
} 0

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String Tokenizer - Example
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class Test{
public static void main(String args[]){
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer("my name/ is \t khan \n");
int i=0,j;
j = st.countTokens();
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
System.out.println(st.nextToken("/"));
i++; Output:
} my name
is khan
System.out.println("i: "+i+"and j: "+j);
System.out.println( st.countTokens()); i: 2and j: 4
} 0
}

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Review Questions

• StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer("abc,def,ghi");

System.out.println(stuff.nextToken() );

Output:
abc,def,ghi

• StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer("abc,def,ghi", ",");

System.out.println(stuff.nextToken());

Output:
abc

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Review Questions

• StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc+def+ghi", "+", true );

System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() );
System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() );
Output:
abc
+

• StringTokenizer stuff = new StringTokenizer( "abc def+ghi", "+");

System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() );
System.out.println( stuff.nextToken() );
Output:
abc def
ghi

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Review Questions

• StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer( "abc+def:ghi", "+:",

true );
while(st.hasMoreTokens()){
System.out.println(st.nextToken()); }
Output:
abc
+
def
:
ghi

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Mutable and Immutable

Objects
Immutability and Instances

• Mutable Objects: Contents of an instance that can be

modified.

• Eg: Immutable: java.lang.String

Mutable: Account

• When the contents of the String instance are modified, a

new string object is created.

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How to create an Immutable
class?
• Class must be declared as final
• So that child classes can’t be created

• Data members in the class must be declared as final

• So that we can’t change the value of it after object creation

• A parameterized constructor

• Getter method for all the variables in it

• No setters
• To not have option to change the value of the instance variable

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Immutable Class - Example
final class Account{
final int acc;
final String name;
final float amount;

Account(int acc,String name,float amt){

this.acc = acc;
this.name = name;
this.amount = amt; }

int getAcc(){
return acc;}
String getName() {
return name; }
float getAmount() {
return amount; }

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Immutable Class - Example
public String toString(){
return "Acc: "+getAcc()+" Name: "+name;
}
class TestAccount{
public static void main(String[] args) {

Account a= new Account(111,"Ankit",5000);

System.out.println(a);

Output:
a.amount = 1000;
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error:
}}
Unresolved compilation problem:
The final field Account.amount cannot be
assigned

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Wrapper Classes
Wrapper Class

• Converts a primitive into object (Autoboxing) and object

into a primitive (unboxing)

Primitive Type Wrapper class

boolean Boolean
char Character
byte Byte
short Short
int Integer
long Long
float Float
double Double

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Autoboxing and
Unboxing (Java 5)
Wrapper Class & Boxing -
Example
int a = 50;
Integer i = Integer.valueOf(60); Output:
Integer j = a; // auto boxing -1
System.out.println(j.compareTo(i));

Integer i = new Integer(50); Output:

int a = i; // unboxing 26
int b = Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(i);
System.out.println("Unboxing"+a+"Int Value"+b);

Note: Binary value of 50 is 0b110010; int is 32 bits long

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Review Questions
static void print(int i,int j){System.out.println("int");}
static void print(Integer i,Integer j) {System.out.println("Integer");}
static void print(Integer... i){System.out.println("Var Integer");}
public static void main(String args[]){
short s=30,t=50;
Integer a=30,b=50,c=70;
// Place any of the following statements }

Which version of the print method will be invoked?

• print(s)
• print(s,t)
• print(a,b)
• print(a,b,c)

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Review Questions
static void print(int i,int j){System.out.println("int");}
static void print(Integer i,Integer j) {System.out.println("Integer");}
static void print(Integer... i){System.out.println("Var Integer");}
public static void main(String args[]){
short s=30,t=50;
Integer a=30,b=50,c=70;
// Place any of the following statements }

Which version of the print method will be invoked?

• print(s) // Error
• print(s,t) // int
• print(a,b) //Integer
• print(a,b,c) //Var Integer

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Rules

• Widening and boxing cant be performed at the same

time

• Widening > Boxing > Varargs

• Widening between wrapper classes is not allowed

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