Development of Policing in the Philippines

Pre-Spanish – policing is tribal in nature

1712 – Carabineros de Seguridad Publico –
the mounted police
1836 – Guardrilleros – rural police

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1852 – Guardia Civil – town police
1901 - Organic Act # 175 – creation of the first
insular (national) police force (Philippine
Constabulary) – Capt. Henry T. Allen – first
Chief 1
1939 - The Manila Police Department
introduced the bicycle patrol.
1941 - The Japanese Military Police
(Kempetai)

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took over MPD.
1945 - The MPD was reconstituted and placed
under American control. Col. Marcus Ellis
Jones became the Chief of Police.
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1917 – PC Filipinization – Brig. Gen. Rafael
Crame – First Filipino Chief of PC
1935 – PC Personnel were absorbed by the
Philippine Army

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1936 – Commonwealth Act #88 created the
State Police
1938 – Commonwealth Act #343 – reconstituted
the Philippine Constabulary – PC became an
independent National Police Force
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• Aug. 1966 – RA 4864 – Police Act of 1966 –
Creation of the Police Commission - POLCOM
• 1975 – Organic Act 175 – integration of the
national police - Integrated National Police (INP)

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• 1990 – R.A. 6975 – Creation of the Philippine
National Police (PNP); civilian in character and
national in scope.
• 1998 – R.A. 8551 – PNP Reform and Reorganization
Act – “Professionalization Law” 4
 Powers and functions
• As provided for by section 14 of RA 6975, the ff are the
power and functions of the PNP
– Enforce all laws and ordinances
– Protection of life and property
– Maintain peace an order

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– Ensure public safety
– Investigate and prevent crimes
– Effects of arrest of criminal offenders
– Bring offender to justice and assist in their prosecution
– Exercise the general power of arrest ad search and seizure
– Issue licenses for the possession FAs 5
 Miscellaneous Police service
• Law enforcement- police are empowered to stop,
question, detain, and arrest people who violate the
law.
• Maintenance of order - is defined as the management

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of conflict situations to bring about consensual
resolution., also include preventive patrol.
• Crime investigation- prominent role of the police.
• Police absorb the functions of NACAH, PAFSECOM,
and the Philippine Coast guard.
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 Organizational structure
The police department is truly a complex
bureaucracy. It is most frequently a multi-level
organization, organized in the form of a
pyramid with the top-level administrator being

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the chief of police. At the bottom level of the
organization, one finds the patrolman or line
officer.

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 THE PNP ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP
PNP Staff and Support Units
 
a.  The Chief of the Philippine National Police has the rank of Police Director General in
the Armed Forces of the Philippines with a four-star rank. He is assisted by a
Personal Staff composed of:
·         The Inspector General
·         Aide-de-Camp
·         Command Police Non-Commissioned Officer

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b.      Deputy Chief of Philippine National Police for Administration.
c.      Deputy Chief of Philippine National Police for Operations
d.      The Chief of Directorial Staff is assisted by a Secretary, Directorial Staff.
 
The two deputies and the Chief of Directorial Staff have the rank of Police Deputy
Director General equivalent to a three-star rank in the Armed Forces of the
Philippines.

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Directorial Staff (Functional Staff)
 
1.      Directorate for Personnel - Record Management
2.      Directorate for Intelligence
3.      Directorate for Operations
4.      Directorate for Investigation
5.      Directorate for Logistics

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6.      Directorate for Plans
7.      Directorate for Comptrollership
8.      Directorate for Police Community Relations
9.      Directorate for Human Resources and Doctrine Development
10.    Directorate for Research and Development
11. Directorate for Information and Communication Technology Management
12. Directorate for Integrated Police Organization

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Administrative Support Units
 
1.      Logistic Support Service
2 Legal Service
3.      Medical and Dental Service

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4.      Computer Service
5.      Crime Laboratory Support Service
6.      Engineering Service
7.      Headquarters Support Service
8.      Finance Service
9.      Communications-Electronics Service
10.    Chaplain Service
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RECRUITMENT

• the process of attracting candidates who have

maximum qualifications to be eligible for
selection procedure. It is the process of
searching the candidates for employment and
stimulating them to apply for jobs in the
organization.
 SELECTION
• the process of screening out or eliminating undesirable
applicants who do not meet the organization’s criteria.
• In the Philippine National Police, the recruitment and
selection of applicants who will be appointed to the police
service is the responsibility of the Directorate for Personnel
and Records Management (DPRM). DPRM is tasked in the
management of PNP uniformed and non-uniformed personnel
as individuals, manpower procurement and control and in the
records management of the organization.
  
PNP RECRUITMENT PROCEDURE
(NAPOLCOM M.C. No. 2007-009)

• 1. Preparation and proper approval of quota allocation

• The PNP shall prepare, through the Directorate for Personnel and Records
Management (DPRM) and submit it to the NAPOLCOM for approval of the
PNP annual recruitment quota.
•  
• 2. Posting and publication of Notice of Recruitment
• The Notice of Recruitment shall include the following data for the
information of prospective applicants:
• 1. quota for the city/municipal police station;
• 2. vacancies are open to both male and female applicant;
• 3. general qualification standards;
• 4. documentary requirements;
• 5. where to submit the application papers and documents;
• 6. deadline for submission; and
• 7. schedule of screening/evaluation.
• 3. Submission of the application folders
• 4. Selection and evaluation process by the PNP Screening
Committee
• 5. Psychiatric/Psychological Examination (PPE)
• 6. Complete Physical, Medical and Dental Examination (PMDE)
• 7. Physical Agility Test
• 8. Final Committee Interview
• 9. Certification by the NAPOLCOM and attestation by the Civil
Service Commission
• 10. Issuance of appointment order and oath taking
• 3. Physical Agility Test (PAT) – this test shall determine
whether or not the applicant possesses the required
coordination, strength and speed of movement necessary
in the police service. The PAT consists of the following:

• - Pull-up for Men; Horizontal Bar Hang for Women;

• - Two (2) Minutes Push-ups;
• - Two (2) Minutes Sit-ups;
• - 100 meter dash; and
• - 100 meter run.
• 4. Final Committee Interview (FCI) – it shall
determine the applicants’ aptitude to join the police
service, likableness, affability, outside interest,
conversational ability, disagreeable mannerisms, etc.
  
TYPES OF POLICE TRAINING PROGRAM

• 1. Basic Recruit Training – is the most basic of all police training. It is a pre-
requisite for permanency of appointment and is required for newly hired
police officers. In the Philippine National Police, a newly appointed Police
Officer 1 is required to undergo a Public Safety Basic Recruit Course (PSBRC)
as a basic recruit training.
• 2. Field Training Program (FTP) – or on-the-job training is the process by
which an individual police officer who is recruited into the service receives
formal instruction on the job for special and defined purpose and performs
actual job functions with periodic appraisal on his performance and progress.
• As provided for under R.A. 8551, police officers are required to undergo a
Field Training Program for twelve (12) months (inclusive of the PSBRC)
involving actual experience and assignment in patrol, traffic and investigation
which is required for permanency in the police service.
  
EXCEPTION FROM FIELD TRAINING PROGRAM

• Under Section 33, R.A. 6975, PNPA Graduates

shall be automatically appointed to the initial rank of
Inspector via Lateral Entry.
• Taking into consideration that the PNPA Cadetship
Program is a four-year course that includes academic
subjects on core police functions such as patrol,
traffic and criminal investigation, and on-the-job
training in urban and rural areas, PNPA graduates
are exempted to undergo the FTP and that they shall
be issued with a permanent status.
• 3. In-Service Training Program – or refresher training program.
•
• The following are examples of in-service training programs as
mandatory requirement for promotion:
• Junior Leadership Training – PO1 to PO3
• Senior Leadership Training – SPO1 to SPO4
• Police Officer Candidate Course (POCC) –for senior police
officers
• Officers Basic Course (OBC)– Inspectors to Senior Inspectors
• Officers Advance Course (OAC) – for Chief Inspectors to Senior
Superintendent
• Officers Senior Executive Course (OSEC) – Superintendent and
above
• Directorial Staff Course (DSC) – for Directors and above
• 4. Departmental Training Program
– Roll-Call Training – instructional courses of several hours a day
concerning departmental activities
– Supervisory Development, Specialized or Technical Training – seminars
or special sessions on criminal investigation, traffic, drug control, etc
– Training conducted by other law enforcement units or agencies
 Personnel Strength
• Police senior supt .23%
• Police supt .61%
• Police chief inspector 1.22%
• Police senior inspector 2.25%
• Police inspector 4.10%
•

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SPO4 4.10%
• SPO3 7.74%
• SPO2 9.78%
• SPO1 12.50%
• PO3 14.95%
• PO2 18.77%
• PO1 23.75%
• Total 100% 23
 Ranking System
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS

Director General (DG) General

Deputy Director General (DDG) Lt General
Director (DIR) Maj General
Chief Superintendent (CSUPT) Brig.Gen.
Senior Superintendent (SR SUPT) Colonel
Superintendent (SUPT) Lt Colonel
Chief Inspector (CINSP) Major
Senior Inspector (SR INSP) Captain
Inspector (INSP) Lieutenant
 NCOs
Senior Police Officer IV (SPO IV) Master Sergeant
Senior Police Officer III (SPO III) Tech. Sergeant
Senior Police Officer II (SPO II) Staff Sergeant
Senior Police Officer I (SPO I) Sergeant
Police Officer III (PO III) Corporal
Police Officer II (PO II) Private 1st Class
Police Officer I (PO I) Private

Cadets of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) are

classified above the Senior Police Officer IV and below the
Inspector rank in the PNP.
 Uniform Regulations
• PNP GOA “A” – is worn during daily office attire, during
heighted alert status, appearances at Malacanang, Senate,
Congress, Court and as directed by higher authority
• PNP GOA “B”- is worn during full alert status and as directed
by higher authority

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• Tourist Police Uniform
• Patrol uniform- sporting uniform bearing their names and
badge numbers.
• Policemen on foot and mobile use blue golf shirts to give
them flexibility in chasing criminals who try to evade arrest.
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 Firearms and Equipment
• M16,M9 Pistol, Glock Pistol, M1911, Remington 870,
and 1100, Baton
• Floro MK-9, MSSR rifle-used by the PNP SWAT, M14,
Famas used by special action forces, HK G36

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• Current percentage fill up of short firearms is 66%. Out
of 132,393 personnel, 85,581 have been issued short
firearm.
• Long firearms is 62.8% out of 91,076, personnel
performing operational function only 57,198 have
been issued long firearms. 27
 Use of Information technology
• The PNP activated the Directorate for Information
and Communication Technology Manageement
(DICTM).
• This will be used of the bigger strategy of the

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government in meeting the demands and
expectations of the public through service delivery
and community partnership.
• It is also response to the call of the national
government to improve the quality of life of the
people through ICT. 28
 Communications network
• Existing communication equipment's and
facilities are follows:
– HF/SSB- for direct and long communications
– High Frequency/ single side band radios

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– VHF/FM – very high frequency/ frequency modulated
– For administrative messages the date
communications are RCPI and BAYANTEL.
– PABX- Private automatic branch exchange, this a voice
channel..
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 Mobility and transportation
• The mode of PNP transportation currently are as follows;
– Ford fucos
– Nissan frontier Navara
– Toyota, vios Hlux, Innova, revo
– Honda car

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– Izusu, D-Max
– Mitsubishi, strada, pajero
– Mahindra
– Motorcylce like Suzuki, honda, Yamaha, kawasaki
– Willys MB
– Total of 4,935 30
 PNP air assest
• Eurocopter –AS350 France utility helicopter
• Robinsons R44- US patrol helicopter

• As per NAPOLCOM resolution 8,174 must be

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the ideal number of patrol vehicles for the
PNP.

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 Forensic Science service
• Under section 35 of RA No. 6975 there shall be
established a central crime laboratory, which shall provide
scientific and technical investigative aid and support to
the PNP and other government investigative agencies.

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• It shall provide crime laboratory examination, evaluation
and identification of physical evidence involved in crimes.
Other services also are personal identification, DNA
examination, QD, Photography, Polygraph, Ballistics,
medico-legal examination and bomb and explosive.
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 Police accountabilities
• The primary duty of the police force is to serve and protect
the members of the community.
• The community and the police force have reciprocal rights
and obligations.
• The community has the right and privilege to demand that

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the police provide a safe and secure environment.
• The PNP are considered public official and employees,
therefore they are governed by the provision of section 4
of Norms and Conduct of Public Official and Employees of
RA 6713/ the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for
Public Officials and Employees.. 33
 Salary and Benefits
• PO1- 29,668.00 SUPT- 71,313.00
• PO2- 30,867.00 SSUPT- 80,583.00
• PO3- 32,114.00 CSUPT- 91,058.00
• SPO1- 33,411.00DIRECTOR- 102,896.00

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• SPO2- 34,079.00DDGENERAL- 125,574
• SPO3- 34,761.00DGENERAL- 149,785.00
• SPO4- 38,366.00
• INSP- 49,528.00
• SPINSP- 56,582.00 34

• PCINSP- 62,555.00