LANDSCAPE

University of Tennessee, Knoxville

CHOKILA KASTHURI E 2018701507

KARPAGAM P 2018701521
THIVIYA B 2018701575
RAGHUL PRAKASH S 2018701549
Importance of landscape in campus
● Provide a sense of
direction in a campus.

● Provide an aesthetic
sense.

● Provide positive
influences on human
beings.
 HUMAN
ELEMENTS LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGIES

HARDSCAPE
1. Edges and Entrances
ABSTRACT 2. Quadrangles
ELEMENTS 3. Pedestrian Malls
4. Plazas
LANDSCAPE 5. Courtyards
6. Campus Green Space
LIVING 7. Woodland Habitats and Riparian
ELEMENTS
Corridors
8. Playing Fields
SOFTSCAPE
9. Agricultural Research Lands
10. Surface Parking
NATURAL
ELEMENTS

Hardscape refers to hard landscape materials in the built

Softscape
Softscape refers
refers to
to the
the live
live horticultural
horticultural elements
elements of of aa
environment structures that are incorporated into a
landscape.
landscape. Softscaping
Softscaping cancan include
include flowers,
flowers, plants,
plants, shrubs,
shrubs,
landscape.Hardscape includes outdoor furniture and other
trees,
trees, flower
flower beds
beds etc.
etc.
landscape products.
Macro scale vs. Micro scale Landscape Elements
The components that make up the design of the Campus landscape falls into two basic scale categories.
Macro scale Micro scale
Macro scale : Elements that contribute to the structural Micro scale : Include detail features, and materials that
organization as a whole, and provide visual or design collectively form the landscape design “vocabulary” used
coherence to the various parts of the Campus. through the Campus.

● Gateways and entrance

● Quadrangle ● Site Paving
● Pedestrian mall ● Site Furnishings
● Green spaces ● Site Lighting
● Edges and Boundaries ● Site Signage
● Plaza ● Plantings and Soils
● Streetscape
● Surface Parking
ENTRANCES: MACROSCALE
● Define physical boundary and
transition between campus and
surrounding community
● Creates visually inviting spaces

PRIMARY ENTRANCE

SECONDARY ENTRANCE

QUADRANGLE:
● Quadrangle is characterized
by large open green spaces
that are iconic, enhancing the
identity of the institution
Pavement and trees
 MACROSCALE

A pedestrian mall is typically a street that has been

converted from vehicular to pedestrian/bicycle-
only circulation as well as emergency access

PEDESTRIAN MALLS:
Green spaces: MACROSCALE
● Campus great lawns often serve as the heart of a
campus
● They are often the sites for important events in
the life of the institution and are sized to
accommodate large numbers of the community

The largest lawn area to the north of Ayres Hall.

● Limit the paving palette to concrete pavement, so

that the value of this palette is not devalued by
the frequent introduction of special paving.
Edges and Boundaries MACROSCALE
●● Theedges
The edgesdefine
define
physical boundary
physical boundary
andtransition
and transition
between campus
between campus
and surrounding
and surrounding
community.
community.
●● Theedges
The edgesofofthe
the
UTK campus
UTK campus are are
marked by natural
marked by natural
features. Existing unattractive campus
features. edge along Estabrook Road

Existing attractive access

to Second Creek
Plaza
● Plazas are
characterized by a CAMPUS BOUNDARIES
large expanse of
hardscape that
1. A successful small plaza
supports pedestrian at the Haslam Business
traffic into building Building.
entrances, outdoor
dining, and/or event
2. The plaza at HPER
spaces. needs improvement.
1 2
 Campus streets are necessary to the functioning of the MACROSCALE
STREETSCAPES University, and the streets and the views from them are
often the source of first impressions for visitors and
prospective students. SURFACE PARKING

Major Collector

Minor Collector
Low shrubs and a flowering tree as an
effective screening of parking on Circle
Drive,
CAMPUS STREET CLASSIFICATIONS
Parking areas primarily serve a
singular land use of
Local Street
accommodating parked cars, they
Intrusive can include pedestrian circulation
parking at and landscape features as well.
Henson Hall
SITE SIGNAGE: MICROSCALE
Site signage serves the important roles of pedestrian and vehicular way finding as well as the setting of campus
character.
1. Campus Gateways
2. Minor Site Columns
3. Kiosks
4. Pedestrian Directional Signs
5. Building Identification Signs
6. Parking Lot Identification Signs
7. Regulatory Signs
8. Street Signs
9. Tree Identification Markers
10. Temporary Barriers
11. Portable Signs
12. Banners
PLANTING AND SOIL MICROSCALE
● Large Deciduous Canopy Trees
● Planting completes the framework for campus.
● Provide comfortable transitions between ● Metal Bed Edging
human-scaled spaces and tall campus buildings, ● Street Trees
framing and screening views, and reinforcing
corridors. ● Evergreen Trees
● Flowering and Smaller Trees
● Perennials and Groundcovers ● Placed Boulders
● Structural Cells ● Shrubs
● Lawns ● Tree Grates
● Pest Management and Plant ● Tree Staking
● Native Grasses and Flowers
● Seasonal Color Beds
● Tree Protection
● Parking Lot Plantings
● Planting Details
● Soils and Amendments
SITE PAVING MICROSCALE
Site paving serves a critical role in campus ● Paving will guide movement define spaces and
organization and adds to the overall character of the provide interest on the campus.
● Paving design should achieve a visual rhythm as
campus landscape. perceived by the pedestrian and bicyclist through a
1. Concrete uniform organization of paving materials.
2. Pervious Concrete
3. Brick
4. Concrete Pavers
5. Pervious Pavers
6. Natural Stone Pavers
7. On-Structure Pavers and Pedestals
8. Path Screening
9. Asphalt
10. Curbs
11. Crosswalks
12. Raised Pedestrian Tables
13. Specialty Street Print
SITE FURNISHINGS MICROSCALE
SITE LIGHTING
Site furnishings play an important role on a campus, delivering a Campus lighting contributes to campus safety as well as
subtle “You are here” message each time they are encountered. campus character by highlighting significant elements
within the campus landscape.
The campus environment can be improved greatly with the
● Pedestrian Pole Lights
addition of campus furnishings that would enhance campus life ● Decorative Street Lights
and appearance. ● Roadway Lights
● Parking Lot Lights
● Light Bollards
● In-grade Architectural Light Fixtures
● Benches ● Flood Lights
● Screen Walls ● Low-Level Flood Lights
● Swings ● Recessed Wall Lights
● Step Lights
● Pre-Fabricated Screens ● Bench Lights
● Table Sets ● Lanterns for Campus Gateways
● Enclosure Gates
● Shade Umbrella
● Newspaper Boxes
● Bike Racks
● Emergency Phones
● Planters
● Bus Stops
● Litter and Recycling
Receptacles
Benefits and Psychology
FIRST IMPRESSION 62% students based choice upon appearance in US

Landscapes means of communication, always sending a message

affecting students consciously or subconsciously
INCREASE IN ADMISSION
RATES

HEALTH: Helps in improving mental health,

scholastic performance, behavior, students
satisfaction and decreasing attention fatigue by way
of interaction and direct contact with the
environment
An identity and concept present, assists in the
learning process.
Relationship with the environment means that when
a student is within the natural element such as plants,
water source or an outdoor environment, the mind of
the student would be experiencing peace and feel
fresh.
Visual contact from the study spaces to the
landscape important.
Studies claims that a student’s capacity to pay
attention increased by nearly 13 percent if there
was a green, beautiful view outside their
window

Curb Appeal = Student Pride

Student Pride = Focus

Buffer zones showcase the divide of spaces and

breaks the sense of monotony
Influence of colour green psychology
Providing safe, stimulating environments where
students can study, explore, regardless of their
educational needs with the presence of a collaborative
environment

In addition, there exists a significant relationship in the

importance of the environment at school in enhancing
and to encourage appreciation towards the environment
and the achievement of the schools’ environment
 Improves perception of the Enrich and enliven both interior and exterior
campus users surveyed, including spaces by locating these in proximity to each other
84% students, faculty and staff. and connect indoor and outdoor spaces `

Improves the quality of life for

campus users surveyed, primarily
by reducing stress and providing
better spaces to be outdoors and
70% meet friends.

Influenced decision
44% to apply/enroll of
students surveyed
CRIME:

➢ Direct safe traffic and pedestrian flow

➢ Light up the night
➢ Manage drainage and run-off flows
➢ Decrease crime
➢ Reduce fire hazard
➢ Keep people away from certain areas.
➢ Create waiting areas.

Studies show that a 10 percent increase in tree

cover yielded at least a 12 percent decrease in
crime
Properly designed landscapes can provide fire
breaks (defensible spaces), alternative water
sources, and drivable green spaces that allow
access for emergency vehicles in the event of fire.

Restrictions can be for vehicular or pedestrian

motion or for both
FIVE PRINCIPLES OF THE CAMPUS
LANDSCAPE VISION
Principle One: Building Siting

Site buildings to use topography and other resources to enhance the campus landscape , Site
buildings to shape successful campus spaces ,Site buildings to strengthen campus connections

Principle Two: Campus Spaces

Create a campus network of spaces ,Enhance the campus as a place for learning ,Create successful
campus spaces

Principle Three: Campus Connections

Reinforce campus pedestrian connections, Minimize the impact of vehicles on campus - design
streetscapes and vehicular zones for pedestrian comfort, Enhance alternative transportation on
campus
FIVE PRINCIPLES OF THE CAMPUS LANDSCAPE
VISION
Principle Four: Campus Plantings

Create a cohesive and coherent landscape that reflects the heritage and setting of the UTK campus ,Shape campus
spaces with plantings ,Create high quality and high performance landscapes

Principle Five: Sustainability

Implement sustainable landscape principles and practices ,Support sustainable practices for construction and
maintenance ,Encourage and support sustainable practices by the UTK community and showcase sustainable
elements as they are incorporated into the campus
SPACES BETWEEN AND BEHIND BUILDINGS
While a campus is chiefly comprised of spaces linked by major walkways, a network of secondary
connections that are heavily used by the university community serves as a secondary campus
“glue.” These connections often pass behind buildings, where back of house functions are
accommodated. It is important, given the heavily daily use of these connections and spaces, that
they not be neglected, but are addressed in a manner that reflects their role as a simple backdrop for
the life of the University.

ENVIRONMENTALLY-SENSITIVE AREAS
The UTK campus, like many urban campuses, is highly developed with little space on
campus resembling the landscape that existed prior to the arrival of the University in
1826. First and Second Creeks offer the best opportunities to reconnect the campus to its
natural setting and to serve as natural amenities for the University and the City;
development of these areas will require environmentally-sensitive design and practices.
INFERENCE (add if you get any ideas, guys!!!)
Landscaping has been done accommodating the natural settings of the area

Importance has been given to maintain the heritage and the upkeep of the
culture which can be seen in many areas. For ex.,

● The long present environmentally sensitive areas haven’t been

destroyed but incorporated into the design, like the presence of a creek
nearby
● The old trees are not replaced but well maintained

Importance has been given to the relationship between buildings and the
landscape present, as spaces of varying sizes have been created accordingly Built space
The Quadrangle is an interactive space but concrete pavements have been
given more area thus breaking the balance between the concrete and the green
space

Landscape
`
Create an edge for the campus that is permeable, neighborly, and welcoming in character – avoid the use of a
campus fence.

Punctuate edges at key points with the standard campus gateway

Design steps to be more than a utilitarian navigation of a slope; design them to make their navigation an
event within the campus.