BASIC

CONCEP
TS ON
ALGEBR
A
Prepared by: Tr. Jenn
 ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Is an expression consisting
of numbers, variables,
symbols and operations.
 VARIABLE
Is any symbol representing
possible values and
quantities.
 CONSTANTS
Are values or quantities
which never change
regardless of the condition
of the problem.
 TERM
Is a part of algebraic
expression separated by
plus or minus sign.
Example: -9y + 2y + 4y -
3 2
 NUMERICAL COEFFICIENT
Is a constant which represents
the number of times a variable
is to be multiplied.
3x  3 is the numerical
Fill in the blanks with word that will satisfy the given
condition.
1. A _______ is separated by plus or minus.
2. _______ is an expression containing variables,
symbols, numbers and operations.
3. _______ is a symbols that represents a certain
value.
4. _______ is a constant which represents the number
of times a variable is to be multiplied.
Complete the table below.
Expression No. of Constant/s Numerical Variable/s
s Term/s Coefficient
/s
3xy2

6x – 3b + 4

5a3 – a2 + 8a – 5

5mn – 6n – m + 4n

2x + 3x
Translating
English
Phrases to
Algebraic
Expressions
& Vice Versa
 Added to, plus, Minus, less than,

+
more than, the
sum of, increased
by
-
less, subtracted
from, decreased
by, diminished
by

x
Times , the
product of,
multiplied by,
÷
Divided by, the
quotient of, the
ratio of
twice, thrice
Translate each English phrase to algebraic expressions.
________ 1.) nine increased by x
________ 2.) seven less than x
________ 3.) two times increased by 1
________ 4.) the sum of a and three times b
________ 5.) the quotient of m and n
________ 6.) twice the sum of three and a number
________ 7.) ten more than twice x
________ 8.) two plus x less than eight
________ 9.) the product of 9 and t increased by 4
________10.) thrice the sum of seven and g
ng
Algebrai
c
Expressi
ons
To evaluate an algebraic expression means to:
 Replace the variable(s) in the expression with numeric
values that are assigned to them, and
 Simplify the resulting numeric expression by using the
order of operation.
 the end result is the numeric value of the expression when
the variable(s) take on the assigned values.
Evaluate 3(x2+4x)–3y for x=2 and y=-5
Evaluate -4(2x+1) - 2(3y-4) for x=-4and y=2
 Evaluate each expression if a=-1, b=2, c= ¼
and d=8
1.) 2b + 9
2.) 5c – b
3.) 16 – c
4.) 8÷c – 4d
5.) 2a – 12 c
 Evaluate each expression if x=2 and y=-3

1.) 3x2 – 5x – 6
2.) 5 – 8xy + 5x2y2
3.) 2x (x2y-3) + (2xy +3)2
4.) –x(5x+11y) + (-4x-3y)2
Polyno
mials
 POLYNOMIAL
Is a special kind of algebraic
expression which contains a
non-negative integral
exponent.
 Determine whether the given expression is
polynomial or not.
a.)  9ab


b.) m2n-3
c.) 7-2a2
d.)
e.)
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYNOMIALS

1.) MONOMIAL – one term

2.) BINOMIAL – two terms
3.) TRINOMIAL – three terms
4.) MULTINOMIAL – four or
more terms
Determine what kind of polynomial is each
expression.

a.) 23x2yz4
b.) 16 – 7t + t2
c.) y3 + xy2 – 7x2y – 15x3
d.) 5a3 - 7
Leading Term : 3x5
Degree of Polynomial: Constant Term: -6
5
3x5 + 6x4 –2x3 + x2 + 7x -6
Coefficients: 3, 6, -2,
1, 7
Leading Coefficient :
3
 DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL
Is determined by the highest
power/exponent of its terms
after it has been simplified.
 LEADING TERM
Is the term containing the
degree of the polynomial.
LEADING COEFFICIENT
Is the numerical coefficient
of the first term of the
polynomial function in
standard form.
Write each polynomial function in standard form and determine the
following items.
A. Kind of Polynomial B. Degree
C. Constant Term D. Leading Coefficient
1.) -12x2
2.) x3 -10x +x4
3.) x2 + 2x -1
4.) 6 + x2 + 2x
5.) 3x2 – 11x -1
Like and
Unlike
Terms
 LIKE TERMS
Are terms having the same
variable(s) and exponent(s)
 UNLIKE TERMS
Are terms that don’t have
the same variable(s) and
exponent(s)
Find the like terms in the following items:

1.) 2n + 5m -4n

2.) 5 + 3x2 – x2 + 9x -2
 Simplify each expression
1.) 3xy -5x +5xy +2x
 Simplify each expression
2.) 9(x+3) – 7(x+3) + 11 (x+3)
 Combine like terms in each expression.

1.) x –5 -10 -8n

2.) 12k +15 +3k -4
3.) -21xy +83 +67xy
4.) 43vt2 -29v2t -11v2t +5
5.) m2n3 +18m3n2 +7m2n3 –m2n3
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1.) Which is a special kind of expression
which contains nonnegative integral
exponent of the variables?
2.) Polynomial with more than 4 terms is
called multinomial, while a polynomial
with 2 terms is called ___________.
3.) What is the degree of the
polynomial 5 – 6x2 + 7x3 – 9x ?
4.) What is the LEADING
COEFFICIENT of the polynomial
5 – 6x2 + 7x3 – 9x ?
5.) In the polynomial
7xy + 7xy2 – 8y2x + 8yx2,
which are like terms?