MAKING

PEOPLE/THINGS/PLACES
SPECIFIC
Adjective Clauses – Subject Position
Do you know this place? Where is it?

Taksim, İstanbul
Imagine that you are walking from the opposite site with a friend and
this is the view in front of you.
You see your ex-instructor in the crowd and you want to show him
to your friend. How can you make the person specific without
pointing to him? Explain.
• You can use an adjective + noun:
The short man was my instructor at university.
But what if there are a lot of short men around? The adjective
«short» will not be enough.
Let’s try another adjective:
The brunette man was my instructor at university.
But what if there are a lot of brunette men around? The adjective
«brunette» will not be enough.
There must be another way to make this person specific!
Let’s try this way:
The man who has a grey T-shirt and black Bermuda shorts
was my instructor at university.
Can you now tell which person from the crowd was the instructor?
The person with a red circle around!
Now I am going to describe some
things or people, and you will find
them in the photographs.
Picture 1
The woman who has some paper bags and a blue scarf is my
mother.

Find my mother.
The woman who has some paper bags and a blue scarf is my
mother.
Picture 2
The suit which is in the middle is beautiful.

Find this suit.

The suit which is in the middle is beautiful.
Picture 3
The boy who has a blue sweatshirt is Ben.

Find Ben.
The boy who has a blue sweatshirt is Ben.
Picture 4
The man who is at the first row and has a wristband is the
most successful student.

Find this man.

The man who is at the first row and has a wristband
is the most successful student.
Picture 5
The room which is at the back of the kitchen is my
room.
The room which is at the back of the kitchen is my
room.
 Adjective Clauses
• An adjective clause takes place in another sentence. It has its own
verb.

The girl who has black hair is Charlotte.

verb main
of adj. clause verb

The girl who has black hair. (incomplete) X

• It functions like an adjective.

• It comes after a noun and modifies it.

Compare: - a beautiful girl

- the girl who is wearing glasses
 How to write an adjective clause?
1. Write your noun

The man…
The woman…
The girl…
The school
The child…
The baby…
The table…
The restaurant…
 How to write an adjective clause?
2. Add «who/which/that» after that noun:

NOTE: «who» defines people

«which» defines things/places
«that» defines people/things/places

The man who/that…

The woman who/that…
The girl who/that…
The school which/that…
The child who/that…
The baby who/that…
The table which/that…
The restaurant which/that…

Remember!
«who/which/that» act like the subject of your adjective clause (sentence)
 How to make an adjective clause?
3. Add a piece of information that will make the person/thing/place specific:

Ex 1: If you want to describe a person and this person (you will describe) is the only one with
glasses =

The man who/that has glasses…

Ex 2: If you want to describe a library (you will describe) is the only one in the city centre=

The library which/that is in the city centre…

Ex 3: If you want to describe a pencil and this pencil is the only one on the floor=

The pencil which/that is on the floor…

Remember!
These are not complete sentences. They have the subject (of the main sentence) and an
adjective clause to describe it.
 How to make an adjective clause?
4. Continue the main sentence with a verb and other necessary
information to write a complete sentence:

The man who has glasses… (only subject/incomplete)

The man who has glasses is my son. (a complete sentence)

The library which/that is in the city centre… (only subject/incomplete)

The library which/that is in the city centre is the biggest. (a complete sentence)

The pencil which/that is on the floor… (only subject/incomplete)

The pencil which/that is on the floor belongs to me. (a complete sentence)
NOW IT IS YOUR TURN!
The man….
The dog…
The girl…
The lamp…
The man…
The child…