Individual differences, Mental

Ability and personality

 Individual
01
differences

What makes People

02 different from each
other

Emotional
03
Intelligence
Table of
04 Physical Ability
Contents
 INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES
WHAT IS
INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES?
refers to the variation in
how people respond to the
same situation based on a
physical characteristics
CONSEQUENCES OF INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCES
1. people differ in productivity
2. people differ in the quality of their work
3. people react differently to empowerment
4. people react differently to any style of leadership
5. people differ in terms of need for contact with other people
6. people differ in terms of commitment to the organization
7. people differ in terms of level of self esteem.
What makes people Different from each other?
1. DEMOGRAPHIC
DIVERSITY

a) Gender
b) Generational
differences and age;
c) Culture
A. GENDER DIFFERENCES

1.Problem Solving
2.Analytical Skills
3.Competitive drive
4.Motivation
5.Learning ability
6.Sociability
B. GENERATIONAL AND
AGE DIFFERENCES

- A worker that belongs to a certain

generation may behave differently
from a worker who belongs to another.
C. CULTURE

-refers to the learned and shared ways

of thinking and acting among a group
of people or society.
 1.SOCIAL CULTURE
-refers to the social
2 DIMENSIONS OF environment of human-created
beliefs, customs, knowledge,
CULTURE and practices that define
conventional behavior in a
society.
 2. ORGANIZATIONAL
CULTURE
- is the set of values, beliefs,
and norms that is shared
among members in the
organization.
 2. APTITUDE AND
ABILITY

Aptitude- the capacity of a

person to learn or acquire skills.

Ability- refers to an individual

capacity to perform the various
task.
 PHYSICAL ABILITY

- refers to the capacity of the

individual to do tasks demanding
stamina, dexterity, strength, and
similar characteristics.
 MENTAL ABILITY

- also referred as intelligence.

- refer to the capacity to do mental
activities.
Dimensions of Intellectual Ability
 1.Cognitive Intelligence

- refers to the capacity of a

person to acquire and apply
knowledge including solving
problems.
 2. Social Intelligence-

- refers to a person’s ability to

relate effectively with others.
 3. Emotional Intelligence-

- refers to a person’s qualities

such as understanding one’s own
feelings, empathy for others, and
the regulation of emotion to
enhance living.
 4. Cultural Intelligence

- refers to an outsider’s ability to

interpret someone’s unfamiliar
and ambiguous behavior the
same way that person’s
compatriot would.
 Intelligence Subparts and
Individual Variations

- the intelligence levels on four

subparts differ from person to
person.
 THE TRIARCHIC THEORY OF
INTELLIGENCE

1. Componential 2. Experiential 3. Contextual

intelligence – analytical intelligence- creative Intelligence-practical
intelligence intelligence intelligence
 MULTIPLE
INTELLIGENCES
 INTELLIGENCES
MULTIPLE

1. Linguistic
– people that is sensitive to language,
meanings, and relations among words.

2. Logical-Mathematical
– covers abstract thought, precision,
counting , organization, and logical structure,
MENTAL ABILITY

enabling the individual to see relationship

between objects and solve problems.
 INTELLIGENCES
MULTIPLE 3. Musical
-capacity to create and understand meanings
made out of sounds and to enjoy different
types of music

4. Spatial
- enables people to perceive and manipulate
images in their brain and to re-create them
MENTAL ABILITY

from memory, such as in making graphic

designs.
 INTELLIGENCES
MULTIPLE 5. Bodily-Kinesthetic
- enables people to use their body and
perceptual and motor systems in skilled ways,
such as dancing, playing sports, and
expressing emotion through facial
expressions.

6. Intrapersonal
MENTAL ABILITY

- has highly accurate understanding of

himself or herself.
 INTELLIGENCES
MULTIPLE

7. Interpersonal
- recognize and make distinctions among
feelings, motives and intentions of others, as
managing people and parenting children.

8. Naturalist
MENTAL ABILITY

- has the ability to seek patterns in the

external physical environment.
PERSONALITY
PERSONALITY
-refers to the sum total
of ways in which an
individual reacts and
interacts with others.
 DETERMINANTS OF
PERSONALITY

1. Hereditary Factors

2. Environmental Factors
 01 Physical Stature
PERSONALITY
DTERMINANTS OF

02 Facial attractiveness

Hereditary 03 Gender

Factors 04 Temperament

Muscle composition
05
and reflexes
Personality

06 Energy level

07 Biological rhythms
 PERSONALITY
DTERMINANTS OF

01 Cultural Factor

Environmental
Factors
02 Social Factor

05
Personality

03
06 Situational Factors
 PERSONALITY
DETERMINANTS OF
Cultural Factor
-refer to established norms, attitudes
and values.

Social Factor
-refer to those that reflect family life,
PERSONALITY

religion, and many kinds of formal and

informal groups.
 PERSONALITY
DETERMINANTS OF

Situational Factor
-which indicate that the individual will
behave differently in different
situations.
PERSONALITY
Personality Factors and
Traits
 EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE
 EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE

- capacity to be aware of, control,

and express one’s emotions, and
to handle interpersonal
relationships judiciously and
empathetically.
5 Components of EQ
 5 COMPONENTS OF EQ
Self regulation
-refers to the ability to calm down
anxiety, control impulsiveness, and
react appropriately to anger.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

Motivation
-refers to the passion to work for
reasons that go beyond money or
status.
 5 COMPONENTS OF EQ
Empathy
-refers to the ability to respond to the
unspoken feelings of others.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

Self-awareness
-refers to the awareness of one’s own
personality or individuality.
 5 COMPONENTS OF EQ

Social Skills
-refers to the proficiency to manage
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

relationships and building networks.

PHYSICAL
ABILITY
PHYSICAL ABILITY
01 Sense of sight

Factors 02 Sense of hearing

determining
03 Sense of smell
differences in
individual 04 Sense of taste

behavior 05 Sense of touch

Thank you!!!