FIRST CLASS BRICK

 well burnt table moulded brick

 uniform in colour
 uniform length and wide
 sharp well defined edges
 Smooth surface without having any :
 Flaws
 Cracks
 Stone grits

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
Preparation of earth
 Moulding
drying
 Burning
 CEMENT
MORTAR 
 This term is used to indicate a paste prepared by adding required quantity of water to a mixture of
 matrix like cement
 adulterant like sand.
 The combined effect of the two components of mortar is that the mass is able to bind the bricks or stones
firmly.
 cement mortar uses in R.B.W. has HIGH DENSITY.
 it holds reinforced at desired position
 cement : sand ratio :
  1 : 3 (MOST COMMON)
 1:4
BINDING MATERIAL
 OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement)
 PPC (Portland Pozzuolana Cement)
 SRC (Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement)
 Low Heat Portland Cement
 Rapid Hardening Portland Cement
Concrete Workability
Workability is one of the physical parameters of concrete which affects the strength and durability as well as the cost of
labor and appearance of the finished product.

 Concrete is said to be workable when it is easily placed and compacted homogeneouslyi.e without bleeding or Segregation.
Unworkable concrete needs more work or effort to becompacted in place, also honeycombs &/or pockets may also be
visible in finished concrete.
Definition of Workability
The property of fresh concrete which is indicated by the amount of useful internal work required to fully

Factors affecting workability:

1. Water content in the concrete mix.
2. Amount of cement & its Properties.
3. Aggregate Grading (Size Distribution).
4. Nature of Aggregate Particles (Shape, Surface Texture,
Porosity etc.)
5. Temperature of the concrete mix.
6. Humidity of the environment
7. Mode of compaction
8. Method of placement of concrete
9. Method of transmission of concrete
How To improve the workability of concrete
1. increase water/cement ratio
2. increase size of aggregate
3. use well-rounded and smooth aggregate instead of irregular shape
4. increase the mixing time
5. increase the mixing temperature
6. use non-porous and saturated aggregate
7. with addition of air-entraining mixtures

NOTE:-
An on site simple test for determining workability is the SLUMP TEST.
Measurement of Workability of concrete or tests for
workability of concrete
Workability of fresh concrete paste is measured by three common tests :
1.Slump test
2.Vee-bee test
3.Compaction Factor test
Reinforced Brick Beams
Brick Masonry
Most of the times, brick columns are strengthened with bars to increase their compressive load-carrying capacity and are grouped
into reinforced brick lintels, reinforced brick columns, reinforced brick walls, and reinforced brick slabs.
Reinforced Brick Lintels:
In this type, longitudinal reinforcement consists of bars of 6-12 mm diameter, while vertical stirrups are 6 mm in diameter. The
vertical stirrups are placed at every third point.
Reinforced Brick Columns:
For this construction, a special type of bricks are used
which have grooves for vertical reinforcement and by
reinforcing the load-carrying capacity of the column is
increased. At every fourth course, they are provided with
horizontal steel plates of 6 mm thickness and vertical steel
bars are used in the foundation concrete blocks.
forced Brick Wall:
Walls that are prone to tensile forces are needed to be reinforced, and both horizontal and vertical reinforcement is required.
Horizontal reinforcement is provided at every third or fourth course, consists of steel mesh spread flat on the cement mortar and
pressed uniformly. These flats are dipped in molten tar to increase their resistance against rusting. Generally, one strip is provided
for every thickness of half a brick, and at the ends, the bars are beaten flat, and at the junction, the bars crossing each other are
interlaced.
Vertical reinforcement is provided by using special bricks that have grooves to pass the bars. Mild steel bars of 6 mm diameter is
used and are tied at suitable intervals with fine wires.
Reinforced Brick Slab:
If bricks are to be used for the construction of slab, they should be reinforced with steel, and for that, a wooden platform is built,
which is covered with well-beaten earth. After, fine sand is sprinkled over which mortar layer is spread, and special bricks with
grooves are then laid in one or two courses. The joints are filled with mortar, and the slab is cured for three to four weeks. The top
and bottom surfaces are suitably finished to complete the process.
Reinforced Concrete:
Reinforced concrete is used in structural components like slabs, beams, columns, foundations, etc. In general, concrete has a low
tensile strength and durability, but after reinforcement, it gains higher strength and durability. Reinforcing is needed to resist
tensile stresses which might cause cracking or structural damage.