DIGESTIV

E SYSTEM
Prepared by
Ms. Leonora Mae S. Cepeda
OBJECTIVES
 Identify the parts of the Digestive
System
 Name the functions of each part of the
Digestive System
 Differentiate mechanical digestion from
chemical digestion
 Appreciate the importance of Digestive
System in our body
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
The Digestive system is
responsible for the breakdown
and absorption of the nutrients
from the food.
It is also responsible for
bringing energy for our body.
2 PHASE OF
DIGESTION
 Mechanical Digestion
 Chemical Digestion

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
MECHANICAL
DIGESTION
Mechanical Digestion is the process
wherein the food is broken down into
smaller pieces in the process of chewing
or mastication.
CHEMICAL
DIGESTION
Chemical Digestion happened when the
food is acted upon by the chemical
substance called enzymes.
Enzymes-convert the food into simplest
form.
Parts of
the
Digestive
System
 MOUTH
Beginning of the digestive tract and it is
where the digestion start.

 Teeth
 Tongue
 Duct of the salivary glands

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 MOUTH
What enzyme that digest the carbohydrate
in the mouth?
- Salivary Amylase Ptyalin

Bolus- it is the food that enters the

mouth after it is being chewed.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 PHARYNX
 The pharynx measures 5-6 inches long,
during swallowing the sphincter muscle
relaxes and raise the Epiglottis which
prevents the bolus or food from entering
in the trachea.
 Serves as a passageway for air and food

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ESOPHAG
US
 The esophagus is a muscular tube where
the food passes through from pharynx to
the stomach.
During the swallowing the bolus is
conveyed by the esophagus into the
stomach via wavelike contraction and
relaxation of involuntary muscle that is
called peristalsis (slow rhythmic
squeezing).

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ESOPHAG
US
 Through peristalsis the food goes
through the cardiac sphincter a ring
shape muscles, where food enters from
the esophagus to the stomach to prevent
food reflux.
 Peristalsis- involuntary muscle
movement that moves food through the
digestive tract

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 STOMACH
 Acts as a storage tank for
food
 Site of food breakdown
 Chemical breakdown of
protein begins
 Delivers chyme (processed
food) to the small intestine

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 SMALL INTESTINE

 Small intestine is considered as the

organ of complete digestion and
absorption.
 It is considered as the longest organ
of the digestive system (21 feet long).

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 LARGE INTESTINE

 Larger in diameter, but shorter than

the small intestine
 Frames the internal abdomen
Functions:
 Absorption of water
 Eliminates indigestible food from the
body as feces
 Does not participate in digestion of
food

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 LARGE INTESTINE

The appendix is also located in the

proximal end of the ascending colon

Appendix
Accumulation of lymphatic tissue
that sometimes becomes inflamed
(appendicitis)
Hangs from the cecum

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The undigested residue or the feces will be
stored in the RECTUM then excrete to the
ANUS.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT THAT WE
SHOULD TAKE CARE OF OUR
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM?

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 The digestive system is responsible for breaking down the food that we eat and
ensuring the unwanted waste material to be efficiently remove from the body.

Here are the steps to take care of our Digestive System:

 Eat healthy foods
 Stay hydrated
 Take probiotics
 Get moving
 See a doctor

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 Digestive System
 Mouth
 Pharynx
 Esophagus
 Stomach
 Small Intestines
 Large Intestine

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM