Overview

• What is DSP/DTSP?

• Converting Analog into Digital

• Electronically
• Computationally

• How Does It Work?

• Faithful Duplication
• Resolution Trade-offs

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 What is DSP/DTSP?

Digital Signal Processing(DSP) or Discrete-Time signal Processing(DTSP):

• The performance of a digital system or digital computer for any signal

operations that are changes the characteristics of the signal(Amplitude,
Shape, Frequency and Phase).

• The DSP based technology has been developed rapidly over the past 6-
decades.DSP system can perform complex signal analysis and solutions.

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 Advantages and Limitations of DSP
• Accuracy • Requirement of fast sampling rate
• Flexibility ADCs.
• Efficiency
• Storage Capacity/Data Storage • Unnecessary power consumption.
• Repeating the Analytical Operations
• Cost Effectiveness • System complexity-Due to associate
filters in A/D and D/A.
• Speed of Operation
• Reliability
• Size Reduction
• Universal Compatibility
• Higher Bandwidth
• Time-Sharing Process 4
 Applications of DSP
• Telecommunication systems
• Image and Video Processing
• Voice and Speech Processing
• Consumer Applications
• Military and Defense Applications
• Industrial Automations
• Medicine and Biometrics
• Instrumentations and Control Applications
• Seismology-study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth. 
• Geo-Physics-subject of natural science and physical properties of the Earth and quantitative
methods for their analysis. 
• Nuclear Systems-contains and controls sustained nuclear chain reactions.
• And many others… 5
 INTRODUCTION
• DSP – Discrete Time Signal Processing
• Algorithmic
• Computational
• FFT, Fast Convolution
• Programming
• C, MATLAB, LabVIEW, SciLAB
• Assembly Language
• Hardware Implementation
• Digital Signal Processors
• Applications
• System Properties
• Linearity, Time Invariance, Causality, Stability, Invertible, Memory
• Transforms
• LT, CTFT, CTFS, DFS, DTFT, DFT, ZT 6
 Introduction…

Input, x(n) Output, y(n)

System with
Impulse Response h(n)

Three problems:
1. Given x(n) and h(n), find y(n). Analysis
2. Given h(n) and y(n), find x(n). Control
3. Given x(n) and y(n), find h(n). Design

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 Introduction…
• Equivalent Description of Digital Filters

Impulse Response I/O Convolutional Block

h(n) Equation Processing

I/O Difference Pole/zero

Equation(s) Transfer Function H(z) Pattern

Filter Design
methods

Filter Design Frequency Response Block-Diagram Sample

Specifications H(ω) Realization Processing