PLANTS ANIMALS AND

THEIR ADAPTATIONS

Dhruti R
Class VI,
Kendriya Vidyalaya,
K.R. Puram, Bangalore
Uttarakhand is endowed with unique and
diverse range of biodiversity
 FLORA
• Uttarakhand shelters around 4,000 species of plants, belonging to 1198 genera,
under 192 families. Of these, 161 species are recognized as rare or threatened
by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Around 223 species of
orchids have been found in North India, and of these, 150 are from
Uttarakhand.

• Major forest types in Uttarakhand

• Alpine meadows in the extreme north, 
• Temperate forests in the Great Himalayas,
• Tropical deciduous forests in the Lesser Himalayas and
• Thorn forests in the Siwalik Range and in parts of the Tarai.
• 60 percent of Uttarakhand is under forest cover; in actuality, however, the
coverage is much less.
• The forests provide not only timber and fuel wood but also extensive grazing
land for livestock. Only a small portion of the state’s total land area has
permanent pastures.
• Common tree species of the temperate forests include Himalayan cedar
(Deodar cedar), Himalayan (blue) pine, oak, silver fir, spruce, chestnut, elm,
poplar, birch, yew, cypress, and rhododendron. Tropical deciduous forests of
sal, teak, and shisham—all hardwoods—occur in the submontane tract. Thorn
forests of dhak (a type of flowering tree), babul (a type of acacia), and various
bushes occur in the south.
•  Uttarakhand is a storehouse of a rich variety herbs and medicinal and
aromatic plant species. The Government intends to exploit this advantage.
Uttarakhand has observed an increase in the area under cultivation of
aromatic and medicinal plants.
Common Trees of Uttarakhand

Himalayan Cedar

Himalayan Cedar
Himalayan (blue) pine
OAK Tree
Silver Fir Tree Teak Tree
Valley of Flowers
Valley of Flowers
• The Valley of Flowers in Uttarakhand is carpeted with over 300 flower species, making it
among paradisiacal places to travel in India.
• This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, located at an altitude of 3,858 meters above the sea
level. Today, this heavenly hideout is in the bucket list of avid travelers, and trekkers too;
owing to its treacherous yet fascinating route.
• The Valley of Flowers trek is taken by both beginners and professionals and is awaited through
the year.
• Best time to visit: July to September
Facts and Figures
Total facts and figures per year (2020-21).
 32 TERRITORIAL FOREST DIVISION
[SOURCE: FOREST STATISTICS BOOK]
 6 NATIONAL PARKS
 7 WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES
 4 CONSERVATION RESERVES
 1 BIOSPHERE RESERVES
 442TIGERS [SOURCE: CENSUS 2018]
Some of the estimations have told that 10 percent of recorded wild flora and 20
percent of its mammal life are threatened. Many of them have been now at the
verge of extinction. FACT :-79 species of mammals ,44 of birds 15 of reptiles and
3 of amphibians are threatened While ,1500 plants are considered endangered
Threats to Bio Diversity
Pollution
Climatic changes
Over Exploitation
Deforestation
Thank you