POWERPLANT

PISTON ENGINE
 Piston Engines – Introduction
Internal Combustion Engines

Reciprocating Engines
Principle of operation
• The Piston Engine converts Heat Energy into Mechanical
Energy.
• It is accomplished by inducing the fuel/air mixture into a
cylinder, which is then compressed by a piston.
• The mixture is ignited & the rapid rise in temperature
causes the gas pressure in the cylinder to rise & forces
the piston down the cylinder.
• Linear movement of the piston is converted into rotary
motion by a connecting rod & crankshaft.
• The burnt gases are then exhausted to the atmosphere.
Categories of Internal Combustion Engines

1. Compression Ignition Engines (Diesels) Two

Stroke.
2. Four Stroke Spark Ignition Engines.
3. Wankel Rotary Engines.

We will cover in detail about four stroke spark

ignition engine, which is commonly used in
aviation, & generally referred to as piston engine
Components of Piston Engine
• Cylinder
• Piston
• Crank-shaft
• Connecting Rod
• Inlet & Exhaust
Valves
• Spark Plugs
• Cam shaft
Functions of different components
Movement of Piston
Four Strokes are

 Induction
 Compression
 Power
 Exhaust
4 Strokes of Piston Engine
In Otto cycle, there are 5 events

 Induction
 Compression
 Combustion / Ignition
 Power
 Exhaust
Other Terms
4 Stroke 5 Event Cycle

Otto Cycle
Questions :