Week 2: Definition, Nature

and Characteristics of
Research
Lesson Objectives:
1. Define research.
2. To identify and analyze the different nature of research.
3. To differentiate the characteristics of research.
 What is Research?
• Research is something that people undertake in order to find out
things in systematic way, thereby increasing their knowledge.
• Research is defined as the scientific investigation of phenomena
which includes collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of
facts that lines an individual’s speculation with reality.
• Research is a systematic process of collecting and analyzing data for a
specific purpose ( this could be to validate a theory, add new
knowledge or solve a problem).
It is systematic because it:
• Conceptualizes the research as a focused problem statement
• Employs a literature review
• Utilizes some kind of sampling procedure
• Uses one or more data collection strategies
• Analyzes data statistically or by the chunk and code method
• Discusses findings to present justification for relevant factors
• Employs reporting format which utlizes various modes for
transparency of process
 Characteristics of Research
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation
by the researcher.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a
problem and ends with a problem.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in
gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental and
case study
 Characteristics of Research
5. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical manner
without bias using systematic method and procedures.
7. Replicability. The research design and procedures are replicated
or repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive
results.
 Qualities of a Good Researcher
1. Research-oriented 6. Resourceful
2. Efficient 7. Creative
3. Scientific 8. Honest
4. Effective 9. Economical
5. Active 10. Religious
 Characteristics of the Researcher
1. Intellectual Curiosity. A researcher undertakes a deep thinking
and inquiry of the things, and situations around him.
2. Prudence. The researcher is careful to conduct his research study
at the right time and at the right place wisely, efficiently, and
economically.
3. Healthy Criticism. The researcher is always doubtful as to the
truthfulness of the results.
4. Intellectual Honesty. An intelligent researcher is honest to collect
or gather data or facts in order to arrive at honest results.
5. Intellectual Creativity – A productive and resourceful investigator
always creates new researches.
 Values of Research to Man
1. Research improves the quality of life.
2. Research improves instruction.
3. Research improves students’ achievement.
4. Research improves teacher’s competence.
5. Research satisfies man’s needs.
 Values of Research to Man
6. Research reduces the burden of work.
7. Research has deep-seated psychological aspects.
8. Research improves the exportation of food products.
9. Research responds to the economic recovery and austerity
measure of the country.
10. Research trains graduates to become responsive to the economic
development of the country and to compete globally.