• MOVEMENT FROM POINT OF

ORIGIN TO POINT DISTINATION.

IT INCLUDES PEDESTRIANS,
RIDDEN OR HERDED ANNIMALS,
VEHICLES AND OTHER
CONVEYANCES EITHER SIMPLY
OR TOGETHER WHILE USING
HIGHWAY FOR PURPOSES OF
TRAVEL
 The part of police traffic
supervision that involves by
telling drivers and pedestrians
when, how and where they may
or may not move or stand at a
particular place especially
during periods of congestion or
emergencies
 Is the control of the movement of
people and goods on the existing
road network by means of such
devices as signals, signs and
markings in the short term and at
low capital cost in order to
achieve safety, mobility, good
environment and energy
conservation
- To Increase Safety Level
- To Increase Traffic
Efficiency an Mobility
- To Ensure Harmonious and
Comfortable Environment
-To Conserve Energy
-Simplefy Traffic Flow

-Segregate Road Users in Space

and Time

-Increase Capacity in order to

Accommodate more Vehicles

-Restrain Traffic in order to

Reduce Traffic Volume
-Speed Limit
-Turn Regulation
-U- turn Regulation
-Parking Control
-No Standing
-Stop/ Yield
-Channelization
-Lane Use Control
-Reserve Lane
-Bus Lane/Road
-Reversible Lane/Road
-One Way
-Vehicle Ban
-Vehicle Only
-Special Routing
-Pedestrian Crossing
-Pedestrian Precinct
-Traffic Cell
-Road Pricing
 ELEMENTS- BASIC TECHNIQUES- OBJECTIVES
MATRIX OF TRAFFIC CONTROL
BASIC
TECHNIQUE SAFETY MOBILITY ENVIRONMENT ENERGY ELEMENT
OBJECTIVES

SIMPLIFICATION P S SPEED LIMIT TURN

REGULATION
PARKING CONTROL
RESERVED LANE,
ONE WAY ETC.

SEGREGATION P S S STP/YIELD
PEDESTRIASTRIAN
CROSSING,
CHANNELIZATION,LA
NE USE CONTROL
ETC.

CAPACITY P S S TURN
INCREASE REGULATION,PARKIN
G CONTROL,ONE
WAY, STOP/YIELD
ETC.

RESTRICTION S S P P BUS LANE/ROAD,

PARKING CONTROL,
VEHICLE BAN
 An activity of a traffic by
which the movement of traffic
units at a particular
intersection are controlled and
allocated according to
proportionate time to prevent
traffic accidents and to
maintain the smooth flow of
traffic.
-Keep intersection open
-Never allow motorist to cross
when they don’t have any exit.
-Stop motorist at their designated
stopping lane, however, do not
stop motorist near you, provide
motorist sufficient distance to
stop gradually.
-Prepare to stop fast moving
vehicles
-When two or more vehicles are
about to obstruct the
intersection, stop affected
motorist.
-In two or more men directing
traffic direction and control, the
first command must be given by
the Team Leader followed by
the members.
DUTIES OF AN OFFICER DIRECTING
TRAFFIC
-Regulate Traffic flow

-Control Turning Movements

-Coordinate Vehicle Movement with

Adjacent Intersection
-Detour Traffic in case of
Emergencies
 DUTIES OF AN OFFICER
DIRECTING TRAFFIC
-Supervise Signal Obedience
and Apprehend Violators
-Prevent Illegal Parking
-Restrain Pedestrian from
Jaywalking
-Provide Safe Passage of
Emergency Vehicle
 DUTIES OF AN OFFICER
DIRECTING TRAFFIC
-Assist People Seeking
Information
-Protect Pedestrian Crossing
Street
-Handle Traffic Accident
-Recommend Traffic Program
 SIGNALING
-Use hand signals to designate your
decision to the motorist

-Signal must be uniform and understood by

motorist and pedestrians.

-Must be clear and positive

-Do not give them verbally

-Be alert and stand erect on both feet.

-Look at the person to whom you are
signaling

-The arm signals should be shoulder high

and full circular motion of the arm for
(GO)

-Supplement the arm signal with whistle

-Stand side ways to incoming traffic while

stopping vehicular traffic
-Let your hands hang at side when not using
them.
-Constant waving of the hands is confusing and
serves to distract/slow down traffic.

-When changing direction (execute left face, etc.)

maintain a 90 degree turn of the body.

-If turns are permitted, describe the movement to

be made with an arc of the arm.

-To stop a moving lane, point at the car you intent

to stop and give him the opportunity to stop.

-The hand signal should be with arm extended and

the palm facing the person to be stopped.
NORMALLY DIRECTING TRAFFIC IS
NEEDED AT:

-Accident scenes
-Emergencies
-Planned Special Events
-Regular Points and Intersection
Control
-Directing pedestrian
movements
 WHISTLE SIGNALS:

-One Long Blast for STOP

-Two short snappy Blast for GO

-Three Blast to be Used for

Assistance or for motorist to
be attentive.
PRESENTATION:
a.Command of Traffic

1.Stand where you are can be

seen;
- Normally, in the middle of
the intersection
- Exception (corner)
2.Postures and Stances
- Show that you mean business
- Weight should be disturbed
equally on both feet
- When not signaling, hands
hang at side
- Do not face vehicles you
authorize to move, stand
sideways
B. Gestures Used to Stop Traffic

1. Point your arm and index finger and

look straight to the driver you want to stop
and give him time to stop. Then raise your
hand only so your palm is toward the
driver.

2. Repeat the process for traffic in the

opposite direction.

3. Do not lower arms until vehicles from

both directions are stopped
C. Gestures to Start Traffic Moving

1. Stand sideways toward the lanes

of traffic you want to move.

2. Point your arm and index finger

toward the vehicles you want to
start. Hold until the driver sees you
and with your palm up, swing your
hand up and over to your chin. Bend
arm only at elbow
3. With one direction started, drop
the arm to the side and raise
other arm and repeat process for
opposite lane.

4. Use same signals when drivers

are moving too slow or are
hesitant in moving.
D. Right Turn Gestures;

1. Usually not required at an

intersection.

2. If required for vehicles turning

right, point arm at vehicle ant then
point in direction he is to move.

3. Moving vehicles to your left for

right turn, you may bend your left arm
at elbow and with thumb and forearm
indicate movement.
E. Two- Officer Traffic Direction

1.Occasional need for two men;

A. If needed, the first command must be

given by the team leader followed up by
the number.

TRAFFIC SUPERVISION

Defined as keeping order on the streets

and highways within existing regulation to
make their use safe expeditious.
A.The following are definitely
police work:

1.Traffic Accident Investigation

2.Traffic Law Enforcement

3.Traffic Direction and Control

B. All men in the department
should be trained to direct traffic
at the following

1.Accident Scenes
2.Other Emergencies
3.Planned Special Events
4.Regular Points and Integration
5.Directing Pedestrians
Movements
C. How to direct traffic on
the following

1.Un-signalized Intersections

2.Signalized Intersection

3.Between Intersections
HOW TO HANDLE A TRAFFIC
CONGESTION/JAM

- Traffic congestion/jam is
caused by such factors as
vehicular accident, stalled
vehicle due to engine trouble,
absence of traffic enforcer at
an intersection, or road
construction.
STEPS TO BE TAKEN BY TRAFFIC
ENFORCER IN CASE OF TRAFFIC
CONGESTION/JAM

1. Determined the cause of the traffic

congestion/jam

2. Where the traffic congestion/jam is

caused by a vehicular accident conduct
fast, immediate but complete
investigation and remove vehicles
involved in the scene of thee accident.
3. If traffic congestion/jam is caused by
mechanical trouble, assist motorist to
push the vehicle to place where it will
not obstruct the flow of traffic.

4. Establish yourself and conduct a

systematic flow of traffic

5. Observe if the flow of traffic becomes

smooth, if not refer back to number one.

6. Implement proper traffic regulation to

avoid further traffic congestion/jam
DUTIES OF TRAFFIC LAW
ENFORCER:

1. The traffic law enforcer

assigned in a traffic post has
complete responsibility and
commensurate authority in
dealing with the traffic flow.
2. Keep in mind that in an intersection
or any traffic post the following
factors should be considered on the
placement of the traffic policemen/
enforcer.

a. Personal safety of the policeman/

enforcer.

b. Visibility of the policeman/ enforcer

to traffic.

c. Visibility of the traffic to

d. Non- obstruction to traffic by
policeman/enforcer

e. Ability to effect necessary

control

f. Accessibility to persons
wishing information or making
complaints.
3. The officer shall not leave
his post during his tour of duty
without permission, except
when properly relieved by
another policeman/ enforce. In
case of personal necessity or
required by the situation in nay
police emergency, he shall
notify his station before leaving
and upon return to his post.
4. He shall respond
immediately to any emergency
all for police service within a
responsible distance of his post
and if can not be done, he shall
promptly notify his station
accordingly.
5. He must be calm and control
his temper even under trying
and provoking circumstances. In
warning or correcting a person
for a slight infraction of the
traffic regulation, he shall do so
in a firm but brief and civil
manner and without obstruction
to the flow of the traffic or
creating congestion.
6. Shall be in proper, equipment
and must personify the best
image of the policemen/traffic
enforcement institution.

7. In apprehending or issuing
citation a traffic violator, three
minutes shall be maximum time
to spent for dealing with the
offender
ROAD SIGNS

- The ability of the driver to

understand, interpret and obey
road signs correctly and
properly is the essence of road
discipline. These road signs
have different categories
(classification of traffic signs)
THREE (3) CLASSIFICATION OF
TRAFFIC SIGNS:

1.DANGER WARNING SIGNS

- Sign intended to warn the road users
of an existing or potential danger or
hazards at or adjacent to the road.
These signs are triangular in shape
and have red colored border.

- These signs convey message that

certain road condition requires that
driver to be more attentive and careful
for such road.
 WARNING SIGNS

DANGEROUS BEND AIRCRAFT OPERATION RAILROAD CROSSING SHARP CURVE

TO THE LEFT AHEAD AHEAD FIRST TO THE LEFT

VERTICAL CLEARANCE LIMIT FALLING ROCKS DEAD END STEEP ROAD DESCENT
2. REGULATORY SIGNS

-These are the signs that require the

driver not only to be more attentive as in
DANGER WARNING signs but also require
the driver to ACTUALLY PERFORM or NOT
TO PERFORM a specific act. These signs
are round, inverted triangle or octagonal
in shape and have red colored border.

-To regulate priority over a particular

road section.
REGULATORY SIGNS

YIELD FULL STOP ALL TRAFFIC TURN RIGHT NO PARKING

TWO WAY STREET NO OVERTAKING NO ENTRY ALL TRUCKS TURN RIGHT

a.PROHOBITORY/RESTRICTIVE SIGNS

Signs used to prohibit or restrict

the movement of the road users.
These signs are circular in shape
and have red colored border/ bar
line.

PROHIBIT - Total Ban (No Parking)

RESTRICT - Refrain (Speed Limit)
B. PRIORITY SIGNS

- Signs that gives priority over the

other elements of traffic. Signs that
provide to motorist at a certain section/
portion of road or intersection.

Ex. Stop Sign – Stop Through

Street

Yield Sign – Merging Traffic

(To Give Way)
C. MANDATORY SIGNS

- Are sign that give direction to

follow without any choice of other
direction. The motorists are obliged
to follow the sign indicated. There is
no choice of direction

Ex. ONE WAY

3.INFORMATIVE SIGNS

These are signs provide the driver

with information that he MAY OR
MAY NOT use but will assist him in
one way or another.

Are signs used to inform road users

of destination, locations and to guide
motorist are rectangular in shape
colored blue

Ex. (Bus Stop)

DIRECTIONAL OR INFORMATIVE SIGNS

GAS STATION AHEAD REST AREA

KILOMETER DISTANCE

DIRECTION OF VEHICULAR
TRAFFIC FLOW
a.DIRECTIONAL SIGNS

-These are signs are

modified signs which actually
give SPECIAL or NSTRUCTION
for the driver to take. These
signs are circular/ round in
shape, color white or blue
background.
ROAD MARKING

Traffic control device marked or

printed on the surface of the road
or carriageway used either alone
or conjunction with a traffic sign.
Road markings are provided on
the road to serve as guide to the
drivers. These road markings are
as follows.
SINGLE WHITE DOTTED LINE

 Dotted white line on a two

lane road separates traffic
moving in opposite direction.

 On a one way street it

separates lanes for traffic
moving in one direction.

 Overtaking is possible when

the other lane is clear of
oncoming traffic.
CROSSWALK

 Crosswalk or pedestrian
lane is for pedestrians to cross.
 Stop for pedestrians on an
intersection with no traffic
light.
 Do not STOP on pedestrian
lane or crosswalk specially to
load or unload passengers.
 Pedestrians should
ALWAYS cross a street on a
crosswalk.
SINGLE WHITE
CONTINUOUS LINE

 A continuous white line

separates traffic moving in opposite
directions.

 You will find a continuous line in

road sections that are dangerous.

 Passing or overtaking can be

made but ONLY under
circumstances when there is no
oncoming traffic.
 SINGLE WHITE
CONTINUOUS LINE

 On a four lane road when

there are slow and fast lanes,
NEVER overtake by passing
over the solid white line.

 Lanes 1 & 4 are for slow

moving vehicles. Vehicles on
this lane should not be
BELOW the minimum speed
limit.

 Lanes 2 & 3 are usually for

faster moving vehicles.

1 2 3 4
 CONTINUOUS YELLOW
LINE ON ROAD
PROVIDED WITH A
PASSING LANE

 Passing lanes are common

on mountain roads.

 Slow moving vehicles such as

buses and heavy trucks should
always use the outer lane (1).
3 2 1  Lane 2 is for vehicles to pass
without having to use the lane
(3).

 Vehicles using lane (3) should

not use lane (2) for overtaking.
DOUBLE YELLOW LINE –
ABSOLUTELY NO OVERTAKING

 A double yellow or white line

with a dotted line in between means
ABSOLUTELY NO
OVERTAKING.

 Overtaking here in both

directions is extremely hazardous.

 Stay in your lane until you pass

the end of the solid lines.
 SINGLE YELLOW LINE
1
 A solid yellow line with dotted
white means that you cannot
overtake if the solid yellow line is
on your side.

 If you overtake, return to your

2 lane BEFORE the solid line as in
Car (1).

 Car (2) is overtaking after the

solid line. This is correct.

3  Car (3) is overtaking BEFORE

he reached the end of the solid line.
This is wrong.
 o Signal your
intention to turn right
MAKING A LEFT with your turning
TURN IN A FOUR signal light or hand
signal at least 100 ft.
LANE STREET before you intend to
1 make your turn.
o Stay on the left lane
of the road.
o NEVER make a left
turn from the right
lane.
o At an intersection
without a traffic
light, vehicles GOING
STRAIGHT have the
right of way. Wait for
them to pass first
before your turn left.
o At an intersection
with a traffic light,
make a left turn
3 ONLY when the green
light is on or when
there is a left turn
light.

2
 o Bus (1) has the right of way
MAKING A since it is going straight.
LEFT TURN However it has given way for
car (4) to make a left turn.
FROM A TWO o Car (4) is about to make a
LANE STREET 2 left turn, after car (3) passes
the intersection.
TO A TWO o Upon seeing that car (4) is
LANE STREET about to make a left turn,
jeepney (5) and (6)
immediately make a left turn
from where they are even if
they are not in position to turn
yet.
o Car (3) has to stop to make
way for jeepney (5) and (6).
3 1 o Truck (2) is signalling a
right turn. He cannot make a
right turn because jeepneys
6 5 4 (5) and (6) are cutting in and
in the way.
o Car (4) is making a left
turn the correct way.
o What jeepney (5) and (6)
are doing are typical “bastos”
way of making a left turn.
 MAKING A “U” TURN
(Two Lane Road)
4 3
 Make a right turn signal at least 100 Ft.
before you start moving to the right side of the
road.
 Stay as close to the right side as possible.
5 Come to a complete stop if necessary. Check
2 behind you for traffic. Also check for oncoming
traffic on the other lane.
 Once all traffic has passed, you initiate your
“U” Turn. See to it that you can make it in one
“sweep”. If you are driving a long vehicle, look
for an intersection or a wide section of the road to
make a “U” Turn in.
 At this point you should be making the turn if
you know the turning radius of your vehicle.
 Do not move immediately to the middle of the
road. Keep to the right side until you have
increased your speed sufficiently to move to the
1 middle of the lane.
 MAKING A “U” TURN
(Four Lane Highway)
 Check for traffic behind you and indicate
your intentions with left turn signal. Stay
3 2 on the left lane if there are no fast moving
vehicles.
 Check the “other side” for oncoming
traffic and initiate your turn as soon as it is
clear. Do not come to a complete stop.
 Straighten out on the right lane and
begin gaining speed.
4  As soon as you have reached a relatively
safe speed, signal your intentions with a left
turn signal to move to the fast lane.
 Move to the fast lane as soon as you are
fast enough not to hold up traffic moving in
the same direction.

5
1
TRAFFIC LIGHT
 = The traffic flow at the intersections and road
crossings are regulated by alternating the GO and
STOP light signals.

Traffic lights were invented to

relieve the traffic policeman of
mechanical duties of alternating
the traffic
LIGHT-STEADY RED
-STOP at the designated line
-Vehicles will be crossing the other side
-Expect the pedestrian to cross the pedestrian
lane
-Unless specified you can TURN
-RIGHT after a FULL STOP to clear traffic
coming from the left
LIGHT-STEADY GREEN
- GO
- The turn of the vehicles at the other side to STOP
- Pedestrian are not allowed to cross the pedestrian lane
- Unless specified, you can move up to the middle of the
intersection and make a left turn when clear.
- Vehicles going straight have the right of way
- Do not anticipate a green light
LIGHT- STEADY YELLOW
- Prepare to stop

- This is the turn of the vehicles on the other side

and will be given the GO signal very soon.

- Do not beat a YELLOW light

LIGHT-STEADY GREEN ARROW

- Vehicles turning left can GO

- On coming straight traffic is still RED

to give way for vehicles turning left
LIGHT- FLASHING RED
- STOP sign
- STOP at the designated line
- Vehicles will be crossing from the other side
- Expect pedestrian to cross at the other side
- Proceed when clear
LIGHT –FLASHING YELLOW
- YIELD sign

- Proceed with caution

- You have the right of way over a flashing red

- Vehicles on the other side will proceed after

coming to a full stop
LIGHT-STEADY GREEN AND STEADY
LEFT/RIGHT ARROW
- Vehicles can go straight or vehicles on the left lane can
make a left turn

- Vehicles can go straight or vehicles on the right lane can

make a right turn

- The right GREEN signal might or might not have a good

road sign disallowing a right turn while the RED light is
ON.
END OF LECTURE
PINSP REYNALDO L CASTUERA, RCrim