ORAL COMMUNICATION

GRADE 11
“SHE” by We The Kings
 Let’s Talk about It

1. What is the song is about?

2. What part of the song struck you the
most? Why?
3. What words from the song are
contradicting or opposite from one
another?
4. What does the speaker means that
“when she cries, can the whole world feel
the rain?”?
Figures of Speech
 Figures of Speech

A figure of speech is a word or phrase that is

used in a non-literal way to create an effect.
This effect may be rhetorical as in the deliberate
arrangement of words to achieve something
poetic, or imagery as in the use of language to
suggest a visual picture or make an idea more
vivid. Overall, figures of speech function
as literary devices because of their expressive
use of language. Words are used in other ways
than their literal meanings or typical manner of
application.
 IRONY

The expression of one's meaning by using language that

normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or
emphatic effect.

Examples:

A fire station that burns down

Winner of a spelling bee failing a spelling test

A t-shirt with a “Buy American” logo that is made in China

 PARADOX

A paradox is a statement that appears at first to be contradictory,

but upon reflection then makes sense. This literary device is
commonly used to engage a reader to discover an underlying
logic in a seemingly self-contradictory statement or phrase. 

Examples:

The more you give, the more you get

Living in the present for the future

The best way out is always through

 OXYMORON

A figure of speech pairing two words together that are opposing

and/or contradictory. This combination of contrary or
antithetical words is also known in conversation as a
contradiction in terms.

Examples:

Only choice

Same difference

Friendly fire
 LITOTES

A It is the opposite of hyperbole. Here an affirmative is

conveyed by negation of the opposite.

Examples:

Not Bad = Good

Not Ugly = Pretty

Not Bitter = Sweet

 EUPHEMISM

Euphemism is a figure of speech commonly used to replace a

word or phrase that is related to a concept which might make
others uncomfortable. Euphemism refers to figurative
language designed to replace phrasing that would otherwise be
considered harsh, impolite, or unpleasant.

Examples:

Big-boned (overweight)

Blowing smoke (lying)

Split (divorce)
 SYNECHDOCHE

Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which a part of something

is used to signify the whole, or vice-versa. s a literary device,
synecdoche allows for a smaller component of something to
stand in for the larger whole, in a rhetorical manner.

Examples:

Stars and stripes (signifies U.S. flag)

Suits (signifies people in business)

Wheels (signifies a vehicle)
 METONYMY

Metonymy is meant for a change of name. It is a substitute of

the thing names for the thing meant. Following examples will
clarify the concept.

Examples:

Crown. (For the power of a king.)

The White House. (Referring to the American administration.)

Dish. (To refer an entire plate of food.)

 ALLUSION

An allusion is a reference, typically brief, to a person, place,

thing, event, or other literary work with which the reader is
presumably familiar. As a literary device, allusion allows a
writer to compress a great deal of meaning and significance into
a word or phrase.

Examples:

His smile is like kryptonite to me. (Superman’s weakness)

She felt like she had a golden ticket. (Charlie and the Chocolate
Factory)

That guy is young, scrappy, and hungry. (Hamilton)

 ANALOGY

An analogy is a figure of speech that creates a comparison by

showing how two seemingly different entities are alike, along
with illustrating a larger point due to their commonalities. As a
literary device, the purpose of analogy is not just to make a
comparison, but to provide an explanation as well with
additional information or context. 

Examples:

Blue is to color as circle is to shape

Eyes are to sight as fingers are to touch

Cub is to bear and calf is to cow

 ALLEGORY

Allegory is a narration or description in which events,

actions, characters, settings or objects represent specific abstractions or
ideas. However, the emphasis of allegory is typically placed on the
abstract ideals represented or symbolized by the work’s literary
elements. In other words, the meaning behind the surface narrative has
even greater value as a literary work.

Examples:

The tortoise and the hare

The city mouse and the country mouse

The fox and the grapes

Let us Develop…

What are differences of the following:

1. Oxymoron, Irony, and Paradox
2. Euphemism and Litotes
3. Analogy and Allegory
4. Synecdoche and Metonymy
 Let us Engage
Give me a dialogue that uses figures of
speech according to the situations given:

1. Courtship
2. Arguments
3. Applying for a job
4. Playing with your friends
5. Describing the CoViD Pandemic
 Let us Value it

Why is it important to use

figures of speech on a written
work?

What are the importance of

figures of speech in our daily
conversation?
 Let us Evaluate

Create a poem using the different type of figures of speech.

Note: 4 stanzas and 4 lines each

Criteria:

Content ------------------- 30
Creativity ---------------- 30
Completion ----------------- 40
Overall ------------------ 100
 Assignment

Give one example on

each figures of speech
from the discussion.