A.

Continuation
of Food
and Nutrition
Ame P. Garong
 a museum researcher at the National Museum of the
Philippines, published Ancient Filipino
Diet: Reconstructing Diet from Human Remains
Excavated in the Philippines based on her doctoral
dissertation.
 she reconstructed the diet from the archaeological
human remains from different burial sites in the
Philippines.
 Based on the bone, hair, muscle samples and plant
and animal tissues, Garong traced the diet of ancient
Filipinos.
What does food and nutrition mean?
 Food and Nutrition

are the way that we get fuel, providing

energy for our bodies. 
What is the importance of Food and Nutrition?
 Importance of Food and Nutrition?

 Good nutrition is an important part of leading a

healthy lifestyle. Combined with physical activity,
your diet can help you to reach and maintain a
healthy weight, reduce your risk of chronic
diseases (like heart disease and cancer), and
promote your overall health.
There are seven major classes of nutrients: 
B. Health and Health Care
The difference between Health and Healthcare?

 Health = the state of being free from illness or

injury. 
 Healthcare = the maintenance and improvement of
physical and mental heal
 ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE

 the diagnosis
 treatment and;
 prevention of diseases;
 the other pertains to provisions for medical care for
people in the community.
HEALTH CARE
In the Philippines, healthcare is under the 
Department of Health (DOH)
 The DOH has different bureaus, These are:

 Bureau of Health Devices and Technology

 Bureau of Health Facilities and Services
 Bureau of International Health Cooperation
 Bureau of Local Health Development
 Bureau of Quarantine and International Health Surveillance
 Food and Drug Administration
What does health care for all mean?

 Universal health care for all

 The Medicare for All Act will provide comprehensive health
care to every man, woman and child in our country -- without out-
of-pocket expenses.
 No more insurance premiums, deductibles or co-payments.
Further, this bill improves Medicare coverage to include dental,
hearing and vision care.
 
Is health care a human right?

 Article 25 of the United Nations' 1948 Universal Declaration

of Human Rights states that
"Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for
the health and well-being of himself and of his family, Including
food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social
services.”
Is healthcare a right or a privilege?

 Health Care is a Right, not a Privilege.

 Example of Health Care?

 Dentistry, pharmacy, midwifery, nursing, medicine, optometry,

audiology, psychology, occupational therapy, physical therapy,
athletic training and other health professions are all part
of health care. It includes work done in providing primary care,
secondary care, and tertiary care, as well as in public health.
C. Philippine Cancer Control
UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE FOR ALL FILIPINOS
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PHILIPPINE CANCER CONTROL PROGRAM

 is a systematic, organized, integrated approach to the control of

cancer that can significantly alter or reduce mortality and
morbidity utilizing primary and secondary prevention at the
community level, and tertiary prevention and rehabilitation at
both the community and hospital levels, in all regions of the
country
The National Cancer Control Center was ABOLISHED
PHILIPPINE CANCER PREVENTION AND
CONTOL PROGRAM

ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO.

2016-001
D. SOCIAL SCIENCES
Encarnacion Alzona

 the first Filipina to get a Doctor of

Philosophy.
 Notable Filipino scientist have been
contributors in the field of social science
in the country.
Raul V. Fabella
 was an academic, economist and scientist that
graduated in Seminario Mayor-Recoletos (Bachelor of
Philosophy; 1970);
 the University of the Philippines School of Economics
(Master of Arts; 1975); and Yale University (Doctor of
Philosophy; 1982).
 Fabella has written articles in both theoretical and
applied fields: political economy and rent-seeking; the
theory of teams; regulation; international economics;
and mathematical economics.
 Notable concepts associated with him are the "Olson
ratio" in rent-seeking, egalitarian Nash bargaining
solutions, and the debt-adjusted real effective
exchange rate.
Teodoro Agoncillo

 He graduated from the University of the Philippines

(Bachelor of Philosophy; 1934) and finished his Master of
Arts degree in the same university in 1935.
 a 20th-century Filipino historian, and received the national
scientist award for his contributions in the field of history.
 He wrote books regarding the Philippine History like History
of the Filipino People
E. FORESTY
 FORESTY

 Forestry is the field of science that practice planting, managing and taking care of trees.
 The governing body for the Philippine forestry is the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR).
 This department started way back in 1863, when the Spanish Royal Decree established
the Inspeccion General de Montes.
 Then when the government reorganized, it became the Department of Agriculture and
Natural Resources.
 During 1987, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources was formally
established. Under this department, the Forest Management Bureau was the sector that
focuses on preserving the forest and the harvesting of its resources.
What is importance of Forest?

 The importance of forests cannot be

underestimated.
What are the forest resources in the Philippines

 Lumber - Raw lumber has been one of Philippines'

major exports. The apitong, tanguile, guijo, and narra
forests supply most of today's construction lumber.
How much oxygen does a tree produce?

 "A mature leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as

10 people inhale in a year." "A 100-foot tree, 18 inches
diameter at its base, produces 6,000 pounds of oxygen." "On
average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each
year. Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family
of four."
What is the importance of trees?

 Trees contribute to their environment by providing oxygen,

improving air quality, climate amelioration, conserving water,
preserving soil, and supporting wildlife.
 During the process of photosynthesis, trees take in carbon
dioxide and produce the oxygen we breathe.
 What are the three types of logging?

 There are three major groups of timber harvest

practices; clearcutting, helterwood and selection
systems.
 What is RA 9175 all about?

 THE CHAINSAW : ACT OF 2002 (RA NO. 9175) ENTITLED "AN

ACT REGULATING THE OWNERSHIP, POSSESSION, SALE,
IMPORTATION AND USE OF CHAINSAWS, PENALIZING
VIOLATIONS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
What is the punishment for illegal logging?

 The penalty for illegal logging will be doubled to RM1mil and

jail term raised to between five and 20 years, after
amendments to the relevant law are made next year. Currently,
the penalty for illegal logging is RM500,000 and jail of between
one and 20 years.
What's happening to forests in the Philippines?

 Aside from logging (whether legal or illegal), other causes of

deforestation in the Philippines are forest fires, “kaingin”
farming (slash-and-burn agriculture), and mining operations.
 Volcanic eruptions have also devastated some of the country's
tropical rainforests.
F. Natural disaster and
Preparedness
Disaster preparedness 

 refers to measures taken to prepare for and reduce the effects

of disasters. That is, to predict and, where possible,
prevent disasters, mitigate their impact on vulnerable
populations, and respond to and effectively cope with their
consequences.
 
NDRRMC or National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council

 the agency that is in charge

when there is task to prepare
for and respond to natural
calamities.
PAGASA or Philippine Atmospheric, Geographical and
Astronomical, Services Administration

 is an agency under the

DOST. It provides real time
updates about the weather
and typhoon alerts
OCD or The Office of the Civil Defense

 provide leadership in the

continuous development of
strategic and systematic
approaches as well as
measures to reduce the
vulnerabilities and risks to
hazards and manage the
consequences of disasters.
SUPER TYPHOON IN LEYTE
 DOPPLER RADAR 3D disaster simulation (LIDAR)

The Philippines has been investing heavily in critical infrastructure and

enabling tools such as Doppler radars, generating 3D disaster-simulation
models from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology and the wide-
scale installation of locally developed sensors for accurate and timely disaster
information nationwide. In parallel, it has been building local capability to
apply, replicate and produce many of these technologies.
 
 
 
How important is disaster preparedness?

 The goal of disaster preparedness is to lessen the

impact of disasters on vulnerable populations, to ready
an organization for an influx of activity, and to design a
coordinated plan that reduces the waste of resources,
time, and efforts.
G. Strategic Framework and Related
Legislation
DOST/ Department of Science and Technology

– is the key government

institution for science and
technology, with policy
development being
coordinated by series of
sectorial councils.
NSTP/ National Service Training Program

 within the frameworks of

the current National
Science and Technology
Plan, 2002-2020 (NSTP) the
strategic focus is on building
technological self-reliance.
The Harmonized Agenda for Science and Technology

 2002-2020 reflects this focus in its approach to

problem-solving related to inclusive growth
and disaster risk reduction.
Harmonized Agenda

 was presented to the President in August 2014.

 attempts to provide more detail of how the country can
become technologically self-reliant to sustain science and
technology beyond the mandate of the administration in power
at the time of the agenda’s adoption.
 
Focuses on the development of:

 critical technologies such as remote sensing

 LiDAR processing
 testing and metrology facilities
 advanced climate change and weather modelling
 advanced manufacturing and high-performance computing
Five centers of excellence

 established or upgraded by 2020 in

Biotechnology,
Nanotechnology,
Genomics
Semiconductors
Electronic design.
The five centers of excellence are all government-funded:

 the Centre for Nanotechnology Application in Agriculture,

 Forestry and;
 Industry (est. 2014) is based at the University of the Philippines Los Baños;
 the Biotech Pilot Plant (est. 2012 and since upgraded) is housed at the
University of the Philippines Los Baños;
 the Philippine Genome Centre (est. 2009) is hosted by the University of the
Philippines Diliman; it operates two core facilities in DNA sequencing and
bioinformatics;
The five centers of excellence are all government-funded:

 The Advanced Device and Materials Testing Laboratory is

located in the Department of Science and Technology's
compound in Bicutan in Taguig City and has been operational
since 2013
 The government policies outlined above are seeking to create
and fund infrastructure to support the development of ‘core
technologies', in order to solve pressing problems.
What does strategic plan mean?

 Strategic planning is an organization's process of defining its

strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its
resources to pursue this strategy.it is here that priorities are set.
 Strategy includes processes of formulation and
implementation; strategic planning helps coordinate both.
What are the five steps in the strategic planning process?

goal-setting
analysis,
strategy formation,
strategy implementation,
strategy monitoring.
H. Legislative Reform
LEGISLATIVE REFORM

 option can entail amending just the Local Government

Code (LGC) or amending the Administrative Code and
possibly other special laws as well.
 A bolder and more radical proposal is to enact a new
Local Autonomy Law that will replace both the LGC and
the Admin Code at once.
Technology Transfer Act (2010)

 expected to enhance innovation by providing a

framework and support system for the ownership,
management, use and commercialization of intellectual
property arising from government-funded research and
development (R&D).
The Fast- Tracked Science And Technology Scholarship Act (2013)

 expands the coverage of existing scholarship

programs and strengthens the teaching of
science and mathematics in secondary schools
The Philippine National Health Research System Act (2013)

 has formed a network of national and regional research

consortia to boost domestic capacity.
I. Intellectual Revolution that defined the society
Copernican Revolution
Copernican Revolution

 was the paradigm shift from the

Ptolemaic model of the heaven
 . This revolution consisted of two
phases; the first being extremely
mathematical in nature and the
second phase starting in 1610 with
the publication of a pamphlet by
Galileo.
Nicolaus Copernicus’s De revolutionibus

 with the publication of Nicolaus

Copernicus’s De revolutionibus
orbium coelestium,
contributions to the “revolution”
continued until finally ending
with Isaac Newton’s work over a
century later.
 
What was the Copernican revolution and why was it so important?

 The discovery of four moons of

Jupiter showed that the Earth was
not the only center of motion.
 The Phases of Venus
demonstrated decisively that
Venus orbits the Sun.
 The Copernican Revolution gives
us an important framework for
understanding the Universe.
 
What is the Copernican revolution in philosophy?

 This ideas is called Kant's

Copernican Revolution, because like
Nicolaus Copernicus' (1473-1543)
who turned astronomy inside-out
by hypothesizing that the earth
moved around the sun (instead of
the other way round), Kant turned
epistemology inside-out by
theorizing that objective reality
depends on the mind.
Darwinian Revolution
Darwin's Theory of Evolution

 Darwin's Theory of Evolution is

the widely held notion that all
life is related and has descended
from a common ancestor: the
birds and the bananas, the fishes
and the flowers -- all related.
 
Darwin's Theory of Evolution - Natural Selection

 Natural selection acts to preserve  The inferior (disadvantaged)

and accumulate minor members of the same species
advantageous genetic mutations. would gradually die out, leaving
Suppose a member of a species only the superior (advantaged)
developed a functional advantage members of the species.
(it grew wings and learned to fly).
 Natural selection is the
Its offspring would inherit that
preservation of a functional
advantage and pass it on to their
advantage that enables a species to
offspring.
compete better in the wild.
What is Charles Darwin paradigm shift?

 The publication of Darwin's On the

Origin of Species in 1859 created a
paradigm shift from creation to
evolution.
 Darwin showed that humans are
part of nature, not above it, and
that all animal life, including
human, is related by descent from a
common ancestor.
Is Evolution a paradigm?

 The view that evolutionary theory is

a paradigm within the biological
sciences representing a particular
world view is not, of course, a
statement of fact, but a
perspective, which can be accepted
or rejected, depending on how one
prefers to view the nature of
science.
 
Why are paradigm shifts important?

 Paradigms are important because they define how we perceive

reality.
 
What is the strongest evidence of evolution?

 Comparing DNA.
 Similar DNA sequences are the strongest
evidence for evolution from a common
ancestor.
 Genetics, One of the strongest evidences
for common descent comes from gene
sequences. Comparative sequence analysis
examines the relationship between the DNA
sequences of different species, producing
several lines of evidence that confirm
Darwin's original hypothesis of common
descent.
FREUDIAN REVOLUTION

 It is a characteristic of a revolution to be
a revaluation-- to be a revolution in
ideas, not a mere alteration of externals
or change of fashion.
 Fashionable trends in psychology (the
interest in gadgets, questionnaires, etc.)
betray, as contrasted with Freudianism,
a fear of fundamentals.
What made Freud's theory so revolutionary?

 Freud shook the

foundations of psychology.
 He did this by shaping
several schools of thought.
In this sense, Freud was a
revolutionary in his way of
seeing humans and our
minds.
 
What are Freud's main theories?

 Sigmund Freud: Freud developed

the psychoanalytic theory of
personality development, which
argued that personality is formed
through conflicts among three
fundamental structures of the
human mind: the id, ego, and
superego.
Information revolution
Information Revolution

 The information revolution was

enabled by advances in
semiconductor technology,
particularly the metal–oxide–
semiconductor field-effect
transistor (MOSFET) and the
integrated circuit (IC) chip, leading
to the Information Age in the early
21st century.
 The term information revolution
describes current economic, social
and technological trends beyond
the Industrial Revolution.
When did the information revolution started?

 The Railroad
 The Information Revolution is now
at the point at which the Industrial
Revolution was in the early 1820s,
about forty years after James Watt's
improved steam engine (first
installed in 1776) was first applied,
in 1785, to an industrial operation
—the spinning of cotton.
Why is information revolution important?

 The information revolution has enabled many people to actualize their

dreams and satisfy their curiosity by learning nearly any concept.
 The information revolution was really important because it made
information way easier to obtain and it made people way more
knowledgeable.
What is the impact of information revolution?  

 The information revolution led us to the age of the internet,

where optical communication networks play a key role in
delivering massive amounts of data.
 The world has experienced phenomenal network growth
during the last decade, and further growth is imminent.
Mesoamerican revolution

 derived from the Greek and means "Middle

America." It refers to a geographical and cultural
area which extends from central Mexico down
through Central America, including the territory
which is now made up of the countries of
Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador.
 -It is one of the regions of the world where the
agricultural revolution arose independently, and
the great civilizations of Mesoamerica were built
upon foods such as maize, beans and squash.
Similar selection and cultivation of beans, squash
and other plants led to one of the world's great
agricultural revolutions.
 
THE GRADUAL DOMESTICATION OF SUCCESSFUL FOOD PLANTS

 a mutant corn (maize) with husks, dating to c. 5300 BCE—over succeeding

millennia gave rise to more or less permanent village farming life by about
1500 BCE.
 crops included beans, squashes, chili peppers, and cotton. As agricultural
productivity improved, the rudiments of civilization emerged during the
period designated by archaeologists as the Early Formative (1500–900 BCE).
 Also Pottery, which had appeared in some areas of the region as early as
2300 BCE, perhaps introduced from Andean cultures to the south, took on
varied and sophisticated forms. The idea of the temple-pyramid seems to
have taken root during this period.