Video in ICT

What is Video?
• Moving images that have been captured or created
electronically by a computer

• Video vary in display resolution, aspect ratio, refresh

rate, color capabilities and other qualities. Analog and
digital variants exist and can be carried on a variety of
media, including radio broadcast, optical
discs, computer files, and network streaming.
 Characteristics of Video
• Analog : A non-digital representation of information in a
continuous flow, rather than as individual pieces of data,
e.g : a mic record a sound and the wave is written in a
tape (casset)
• Digital : A representation of information as individual
pieces of data, e.g : a mic record a sound and the wave is
converted into binary 0s and 1s ( technically computer
language since computer only understand 1 and 0 )
• Aspect Ratio : Dimension of width to height
• Frame Rate : Speed at which video frames appear;
Measured in frames per second (fps)
• Streaming : process of transmitting audio/video files
over the Internet that begin playing as the remaining
data is temporarily transferring to your computer.
User friendly because video can be viewed as the file
is loading without having to wait for the completed
file to load.
Digital Video File Formats :

MOV (Movie) - Developed by Apple computers for the Quicktime video player , Best used for streaming.

WMV (Windows Media Video) - Developed by Microsoft for streaming video

AVI (Audio Video Interleave) - Developed by Microsoft for Windows media player, Not good for streaming

MPEG-2 (Motion Picture Experts Group) - Standard file format for DVD

MPEG-4 (Motion Picture Experts Group) - Standard file format for Blu-ray disk, Uses a greater compression and achieves a
higher quality video on the Internet

FLV (Flash video) - File format used to deliver video over the Internet using Adobe Flash Player
 Video Standard

• Video standard is a standard for video display adapters developed so

that software developers can anticipate how their programs will appear
on the screen
• Computer needs to send information to your monitor so you can see it. The
precise way it does that, is through what kind of cable, and the video standard
used.
 Analog video
Analog video is a video signal represented by one or more analog signals. 

•Composite video (single channel RCA) •SCART

•D-Terminal

•S-Video (2-channel YC) •VGA

•Component video (3-channel YPbPr) •TRRC

 Digital video
Digital video is an electronic representation of moving visual images in the form
of encoded digital data.

Serial digital interface (SDI) DisplayPort

HDMI Digital Visual Interface (DVI)

 Display standards

Digital television broadcasts use the MPEG- Analog television broadcast standards include:

2 and other video coding formats and
include: •Field-sequential color system (FCS)
•Multiplexed Analogue Components (MAC)
•Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding (MUSE)
•ATSC 
•NTSC
•Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)
•PAL
•ISDB 
•PAL-M – PAL variation.
•ISDB-Tb – uses the MPEG-4 video coding format
• PALplus – PAL extension,
•Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB)
•RS-343 (military)
•SECAM 
•CCIR
Recording
• Video recording is the process by which visual
images are recorded on some form of magnetic
recording device such as tape or a video disc.
• Digital recording is the preservation of audio or
visual signals as a series of binary numbers. An
analog-to-digital converter transforms the
electrical audio waveform from a microphone
or an analog visual image into digital
information.
 Editing
•  Process of selecting and
preparing written, photographic, visual, audible,
or cinematic material used by a person or an entity to convey a
message or information.

• The editing process can involve correction, condensation,

organizing, and many other modifications performed with an
intention of producing a correct, consistent, accurate and complete
piece of work.

• There are few types of editing that include: Video Editing, Image,
Audio and Text.
 Editing Tools
Image Editor: Video Editor: Audio Editor:

Final Cut Pro

Audacity FL Studio
Photoshop Gimp Adobe Premier Pro

Sony Vegas Ableton Live

Davinci resolve Logic Pro
Adobe Lightroom Skylum
Thank You For Listening
That’s all from me!!