Impact of Drugs

(Gender wise)
Introduction

 Alcohol/other drug addiction as both a sociocultural and biological phenomenon.

Sex differences and gender are not solely determined by biology, nor are they
entirely sociocultural.
 These gender-related sex differences in the brain can influence the responses to
drugs of abuse, progressive changes in the brain after exposure to drugs of abuse
and whether addiction results from drug-taking experiences.
 Sex and gender differences in addiction and relapse can be seen in humans and in
animal models. Among the vulnerable populations, females escalate drug use
more rapidly than males and relapse is more likely to be triggered by stressful
events or drug-related cues
Gender Difference in Stage of Addiction
Hypothesis Testing

 Hypothesis testing is the process used to evaluate the strength of evidence

from the sample and provides a framework for making determinations
related to the population, it provides a method for understanding how
reliably one can extrapolate observed findings in a sample under study to
the larger population from which the sample was draw.

The step in testing hypotheses is the transformation of the research question

into a null hypothesis, H0, and an alternative hypothesis, HA.6 The null and
alternative hypotheses are concise statements, usually in mathematical form,
of 2 possible versions of “truth” about the relationship between the
predictor of interest and the outcome in the population
 Type 1 Error
A Type I error means rejecting the null
hypothesis when it’s actually true. It
means concluding that results
are statistically significant when, in
reality, they came about purely by chance
or because of unrelated factors.
Type 2 Error
A Type II error means not rejecting the
null hypothesis when it’s actually false.
This is not quite the same as “accepting”
the null hypothesis, because hypothesis
testing can only tell you whether to reject
the null hypothesis..
 Problem Statement
A statistical survey was going in some of Narcotics Department.
3 types of drugs is mostly consumed by the public.
However there are a lot of females who are been addicted to those drugs.

Solution
• We will be using Hypothesis Test
• By using Two way Innova test
• Calculate the P-value
• State the Condition
 Data

PATIENT Drug 1 Drug 2 Drug 3

MALE 8 10 8

4 8 6

0 6 4
Two way Anova
FEMALE 14 4 15 ANOVA

10 2 12

6 0 9
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit

Sample 18 1 18 2.037736 0.17894 4.747225

Columns 48 2 24 2.716981 0.106343 3.885294

Interaction 144 2 72 8.150943 0.00581 3.885294

Within 106 12 8.833333

Total 316 17
Inference

Hypothesis Test Compare Result

Sample 4.747225 > 2.037736 Cannot Reject the null

0.17894 > 0.05 hypothesis

Column 3.885294 > 2.716981 Cannot Reject the null

0.106343 > 0.05 hypothesis

Interaction 3.885294 < 8.150943 Reject the null hypothesis

0.00581 < 0.05
Thankyou