Imaging

Equipment and
Maintenance
Ma. Serina Eden S. Paleg, RRT
: MaCNaP ka?
: Oo.
: May kuryente
kayo doon?
Electricity!
a form of energy resulting from the
existence of charged particles (such
as electrons or protons), either
statically as an accumulation of
charge or dynamically as a current.

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1
Basic Circuit
a complete and closed path around which a
circulating electric current can flow.
Three Basic Elements of Circuit

⦁ Source (voltage/current) – causes

the current to flow in the circuit
⦁ Conductive path – where the current
flows
⦁ Load – consumes the power

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CIRCUIT
A circuit is an interconnection of elements.

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Elements Classification:

• Active Circuit ⦁ Passive Circuit

Elements Elements

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Active Circuit Elements

- are those which can generate energy.

- Examples include batteries,
generators, operational amplifiers
and diodes.

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Active Circuit Elements

- the source elements are the most

significant active elements.
- 2 TYPES:
1. Independent
2. Dependent

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 +
Independent V -

- Battery.
- provides a constant voltage to the
circuit, irrespective of the current
flowing through the terminals.

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Dependent I

⦁ Transistor - a semiconductor device with three

connections, capable of amplification in addition to
rectification.
⦁ provides current to the
circuit, depending upon the
voltage applied to it.

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Passive Circuit Elements

- elements which can control the flow

of electrons through them.
- They either increase or decrease the
voltage.
- Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor

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Resistor

- A resistor opposes the flow of current

through it.

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Inductor

- stores energy in form of the

electromagnetic field

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Capacitor

- capacitor stores energy in form of the

electrostatic field.

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“Big things often
have small
beginnings.

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2
Electrical Circuit
The path may be closed (joined at both ends),
making it a loop. A
closed circuit makes electrical current flow
possible. It may also be an open circuit where
the electron flow is cut short because the path is
broken.
Types of Electrical Circuits
Direct Current (DC)
⦁ In DC Circuits, the
excitation applied is a
constant source. Based on
the type of connection of
active and passive
components with the source,
a circuit can be classified
into Series and Parallel
circuits.
Alternating Current (AC)
⦁ Ac circuits are those
circuits, whose excitation
element is an AC source.
Unlike DC source which has
constant AC source, it has
variable current and voltage
at regular intervals of time.
Generally, for high power
applications, AC circuits
are used.
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DIRECT CURRENT:
SERIES CIRCUITS
- When several passive elements are
connected with an energy source,
such a circuit is known as a series
circuit.

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DIRECT CURRENT:
SERIES CIRCUITS

⦁ RT = R1 + R2 + R3
⦁ IT = I1 = I2 = I3
⦁ VT = V1 + V2 + V3

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 DIRECT CURRENT:
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
- one terminal of all the elements is
connected to the one terminal of the source
and the other terminal of all elements is
connected to the other terminal of the
source.

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DIRECT CURRENT:
PARALLEL CIRCUITS

⦁ 1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

⦁ IT = I1 +I2 + I3
⦁ VT = V1 = V2 = V3

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COMBINED CIRCUIT
V1 =
V2 =
V3 =
VT =
I1 =
I2 =
I3 =
IT =
R1 =
R2 =
R3 =
RT =

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TIP!!
serIes
para el
ALTERNATING CURRENT:
- is an electric current which periodically reverses
direction and changes its magnitude continuously
with time in contrast to direct current (DC) which
flows only in one direction.

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3
OHM’S LAW
The voltage across the total circuit or any
portion of the circuit is equal to the current
times the resistance.