Lesson 1

Introduction
Legal Bases of Industrial Security Management

Prepared by :
Elmer Rivera Linga
- Generally, the meaning of security is a kind of state
where people, institution, authority or groups feel fully
secured of feeling, free from any threat or vulnerability
from somewhere or someone in his/her life, liberty,
property or activity. It could be in physical,
psychological, social or economical form.
-It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom from
fear or danger, assurance, certainty.
-It is the degree of protection against danger, loss, and
criminals.
- Protection against any type of crime to safeguard life
and assets by various methods and device.
is to protect the establishment from any
form of losses as a result of theft, robbery,
pilferage, sabotage, espionage, accident,
fire and subversive activities.
1.Natural Authority
A.The highest law is the law of preservation:
By instinct a man naturally react to protect himself, his
honor, freedom, liberty and property from danger, treat or
hazard. He does it personally and/or thru the help of others.
Even before the coming of early Chinese traders were
already organized into tribes. Each tribe has his own chieftain
but also of the members. This inherent mechanism of self
preservation became the unwritten law of the early Filipinos to
protect themselves and their property against the natural and
man-made hazard.
2. Constitutional Authority:
A. The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect
people. The government may call upon the people to defend the
state and in the fulfilment thereof; all citizen may be required,
under conditions provided by law, or to render personal military
service. (Art.II Sec. 4 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution.
3. Statutory Authority
A.The Revised Penal Code. (Act No. 3815, as
amended)
The applicable provisions of the code on
Crime against person, Personal Liberty and
security and property have bearing on the
security and protection of one’s life, liberty and
property.
- The private security business began on March 11, 1933, when
the first formally licensed private security agency “Special
Watchman Agency” started operations;
 - Later it renamed “Jimenez Security Agency”, founded by
brothers Juan and Pedro Jimenez;
On May 30 1958, the Philippine Association of Detectives and
Protective Agency Operations (PADPAO) was formally organized;
 
-RA 5487 was passed on June 13, 1969 through the continuous
lobbying of the incorporators and officers of PADPAO, which set
the standards and minimum requirements for the operations of
security agencies.
- P.D. 11 was passed on October 3, 1972, widening the coverage
of RA 5487 to include security guards employed in logging
concessions, agricultural, mining and pasture lands;
 
- P.D. 100 was issued on January 17, 1973, broadening the
coverage of the security industry to include employees of the
national or local government or any agency who are employed
to watch or secure government building and properties.
 
- On August 1969, the Philippine Constabulary activated the
Security and Investigation Supervisory office or SIASO to
supervise and control the organization and operation of private
security and detective agencies nationwide;
Later it was renamed Philippine Constabulary Supervisory Office for
Security and Investigation Agencies or PCSUSIA.
 
- With the passage of RA 6975, this unit was absorbed by the
Philippine National Police;

-Later it was made into a division of the PNP Civil Security Group
and was renamed Security Agencies and Guard Supervision Division
(SAGSD);

- It was renamed to PNP Supervisory Office for Security

Investigation Agency (SOSIA).
• 
1. Physical Security
2. Personnel Security
3. Document and Information Security
 
1. Physical Security – is a system of barriers placed between
the potential intruder and the matter to be protected. It is
considered as the broadest type of security.
- is concerned with the physical measures adopted to prevent
unauthorized access to equipment, facilities, material, and
documents, and to safeguard them against espionage,
sabotage, damage and theft.
Types of Physical security;
1. Active- by using different types of barriers.
Methods used; a. Overt method b. Covert method
•2. Passive- by using psychological approach
2. Communication Security – is the protection
resulting from the application of various
measures which prevents or delay the enemy or
unauthorized person in giving information
through the communication system.
3. Hotel Security – is the protection resulting
from the application of various measures which
safeguards hotel guests and personnel, hotel
property, and functions in hotel restaurants,
bars and clubs.
4. Bank Security – is the protection resulting
from the application of various measures which
safeguards cash and assets which are in storage
in transit and during transactions.
5. Document Security – is physical security that
involves the protection of documents and
classified papers from loss, access to
unauthorized person, damage, theft and
compromised through disclosure.
7. Crisis Security- is the protection of the rich person,
industrial magnates, political leaders against kidnapping
for economic, political, emotional or nationalistic
purposes.

8. Industrial Security- various measures to safeguard

factories, manufacturing establishment, etc.

9. Operational Security- is physical which deals with the

protection of processes, formulas, patents and other
activities.
10. Other special type of security- these type of security are
adaptations, variations, innovations and modifications of
physical security which are follows, to wit:
a. Air cargo security
b. Supermarket
c. School Security
d. Personnel security