SQL cho người không

phải nước ngoài 

Lesson 2

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  FROM, SELECT clauses
 Data Type
Lesson 2  Common built-in function
 Filter data

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 Purpose
Indicate table to query

Apply table operators : Combining sets ( JOINs)

FROM clause Demo

Table alias

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 Purpose
Evaluate expressions : define the attributes, alias

Use distinct to eliminate duplicate rows

SELECT clause Demo

Attributes alias

Basic expressions

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 One of the most important decisions that effects the database
performance
 Constraint
 Performance : implicit conversion, read speed
 Operators

Data Type Common data type

Cost storage – slower Save storage - faster
CHAR VARCHAR
NCHAR NVARCHAR
DATETIME DATE, SMALLDATETIME
INT SMALLINT

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 Data type for Keys
 Identity column : column object
 Sequence object : database object
 nonsequential GuiDs : NEWID
Data Type  sequential GuiDs : NEWSEQUENTIALID
 custom solutions

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 Function Sample Result
DATEADD DATEADD(day, 1, ‘1jan21’) 2021-01-02
DATEDIFF DATEDIFF(YEAR, '31dec20', '1jan21') 1
DATENAME DATENAME(WEEKDAY, '24jan21') Saturday
CONCAT CONCAT('abc', NULL, 'de') abcde
LEFT LEFT(‘abcd’,2) ab
Built in
function
Demo
• ISNULL, COALESCE
• CASE expresion

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 Filter

ON WHERE HAVING

Filter data = , <>, NOT, IS NULL,

AND, OR,… True – False – Unknown
• Not True = False
• Not False = True
Three-valued
Predicate
Search logic
Argument • Negative Unknown = Unknown

• column operator value

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• value operator column 8
 WHERE col = ‘A’

Origin set Indexed set

B B
2

n elements
Z

Z 26

Index
n elements

A A
1
Out Out

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End 
Happy freaking SUNDAY !!!!!!!!!!!!

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