GROUP 3

MEMBERS :
RINA,SHAMEEN,YUSMA
 BASIC
CONCEPT OF
PHILOSOPHY

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ARISTOTLE
 ARISTOTLE’S PHILSOPHY

▫ Direct observation of Nature

▫ Gave importance to Historical Consciousness

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 EDUCATION & LEARNING

▫ Aristotle believed education and learning are always about an object and
should have content.
▫ He believed a teacher instructs a learner about an object, about some
knowledge, or some discipline.
▫ Teaching and learning are always about disciplined inquiry into some aspect
of reality.
▫ A school should cultivate and develop each person’s rationality.

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 ARISTOTLE AND EDUCATION

▫ “The aim of education was not only the attainment of knowledge but
also the attainment of happiness or goodness in life.”
▫ “The aim of education was the welfare of the individual. So as to bring
happiness in their lives.”
▫ Education is essential for the complete realization of man.

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 ARISTOTLE’S THEORY OF EDUCATION

▫ Aristotle agrees with Plato on the division of Greek education into stages
corresponding with level and years of schooling. He disapproves with
Plato’s communism in education. In the communism system every
individual is moulded in a single pattern. Aristotle is of the opinion that any
individual in the state, should be given opportunity to develop his talents to
the full, without any impediment to his progress without cencorship on the
type of books he reads or the opinion he holds.

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 ARISTOTLE’S SCHEME OF EDUCATION

1. The early education is the responsibility of parents.

2. Further education is the responsibility of the state.
3. At the same time parents are responsible for the moral
development.

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 QUOTES BY ARISTOTLE ON EDUCATION

▫ “All men by nature desire knowledge.”

▫ “The educated differ from the uneducated as much as the living from
the dead.”
▫ “The roots of education are bitter but the fruit is sweet.”
▫ “Education is the best provision for old age.”

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AL FARABI

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 AL FARABI

▫ Al-Farabi significantly contributed to Philosophy, Science, Sociology,

Medicine, Logic, Mathematics, Music and Education as an Arab
philosopher, who was the most rationalistic of the entire philosopher, and
was also a practicing Sufi.
▫ He always tried to understand the intellectual framework of the world and
society.
▫ He believed the first aim of knowledge was knowledge of God and His
attributes.

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▫ The core of his philosophy is the unity of society which is to be achieved by
unity of thought, wisdom and religion, just as there is unity and order found
in the universe.
▫ For him, education is the acquisition of knowledge, skills and values for
happier life.
▫ The concept of evaluation means the measurement of learning outcomes.
▫ Different instruments may be used to test knowledge and intelligence.

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▫ The capacity for deductive and critical thinking understands the
relationship between parts of information and to arrive at the
understanding of whole.

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IMMANUEL
KANT

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 IMMANUEL KANT

▫ Education is the greatest issue in human societies, in a way that developed

countries owe their growth and elevation having dynamic education and
also undeveloped countries deferred because of their poor education
institutional activity and hadn’t cooperated with other institutions.
▫ Kant says that human have two important tasks in the world 1. Education 2.
Goverment
▫ Goverment is an education (the governor wants people to do and don’t do)
▫ Kant’s thought human and education are two dependent concepts
▫ In Kant’s point of view, human beings is a creature that has abilities and
skills that their growth direction is possible and in this education plays the
role of modification or creation and innovation.
▫ In education issue Kant has spoken about these four steps developing,
correction, instruction and ethical education
▫ Kant believe that human beings have the same natures so they should be
educated the same way, he disagrees with any type of colonization,
exploitation and elitism in education.
▫ People can believe their talent and abilities if they have equal educational
opportunities.

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▫ Kant says that the most important part of education is ethical
education. Kant’s ethical education is humanist as it focusing on
wisdom that gives human beings a high dignity.
▫ Ethical education that is based on general principles rising from
practical wisdom is the correct using step of higher order mental
power.

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 IMPORTANCE
OF PHILOSOPHY
EDUCATION TO
TEACHERS

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▫ Philosophy of Education has an important role to play in
preparing for a career in teaching.
▫ First, it enables teachers to acquire a grasp of the
conceptual field of education and an ability to find their
way around the often contested views within that field,
which in turn impinge upon the normative structure of
particular education systems
▫ Second, it enables them to understand better the
conceptual debates that involve the subjects that they are
teaching.
▫ Third it enables teachers to understand the scope and
limits of empirical research in education and the
relationships between that research and conceptual issues
in education.

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▫ These claims are discussed with examples, and recent
government statements about standards and competences
in teaching are looked at through the perspective of a
conceptually informed, career-oriented profession of
teaching. Reasons for the past decline of philosophy of
education in teacher education and how they might be
avoided in the future are also reviewed.

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THANKYOU