AEGIS BALLISTIC

MISSILE DEFENCE
SYSTEM
FAYAZ LATHEEF
S5 MECHANICAL
ROLL NO : 2
REG NO : 18021103
 CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 MISSILES
 AEGIS BALLISTIC DEFENCE SYSTEM
 COMPONENETS OF AEGIS BMD
 WORKING OF AEGIS BMD
 MERITS AND DEMERITS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION
 Missile defense is a system, weapon, or technology involved in the detection,
tracking, interception, and destruction of attacking missiles.
 The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System (Aegis BMD or ABMD) is a United 
States Department of Missile Defense Agency program developed to provide
missile defense against short to intermediate-range ballistic missiles.
 Ballistic Missile Defense System is a joined operation of Satellite’s, Sensors and
Missiles.
 The Ballistic Missile Defense System contains various collection of data and
analysis. These data’s helps the Anti-ballistic Missiles to hit the target Missiles.
 Missile
 Any object thrown at a target with the aim of hitting can be
called as a missile. 'or' In modern usage, missile is a flying
weapon that has its own engine so that it can travel a long
distance before exploding at the place that it has been aimed at.
 Two types of Missiles –
• Cruise missile
• Ballistic missile
 CRUISE MISSILE

 A cruise missile is a guided missile used

against terrestrial targets, that remains in
the atmosphere and flies the major
portion of its flight path at approximately
constant speed.
 Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a
large warhead over long distances with
high precision. Modern cruise missiles are
capable of travelling at supersonic or
high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating,
and are able to fly on a non-ballistic,
extremely low-altitude trajectory.
 BALLISTIC MISSILE
 A ballistic missile is launched directly into
the high layers of the earth's atmosphere. It
travels well outside the atmosphere and then
the warhead detaches and falls back to earth.
It follows the path of a ball thrown upwards
which falls down. Since it depends on gravity
to reach its target, it's called a ballistic
missile.
 A ballistic missile is only guided during
relatively brief periods of flight & most of it’s
trajectory is unpowered & governed by
gravity.
 Shorter range ballistic Missiles stay within
the earth's atmosphere, while longer range
ones are designed to spend some of their
flight time above the atmosphere.
 MISSILE
These missiles follow a ballistic trajectory which includes three phases
 Phase 1 – Boost phase
The boost phase is the portion of the flight of a ballistic missile or space
vehicle during which the booster and sustainer engines operate until it
reaches peak velocity.
 Phase 2 – Midcourse phase
The midcourse phase begins when the ballistic missile booster burns out
and it begins coasting in space towards its target.
 Phase 3 – Terminal phase
Terminal phase is when the warhead approaches its target and, for
longer-ranged missiles, begins to reenter the atmosphere.
TYPES AND RANGE OF BALLISTIC MISSILE’S
 Short range Ballistic Missile :- < 1000 km
 Medium range Ballistic Missile :- 1000 – 3000 km
 Intermediate range Ballistic Missile :- 3000 – 5,500 km
 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile :- > 5,500 km
AEGIS BALLISTIC MISSILE
DEFENCE SYSYTEM
 The Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System (Aegis BMD or ABMD) is a United 
States Department of Defense Missile Agency program developed to provide
missile defense against short to intermediate-range ballistic missiles.
 It enables warships to shoot down enemy ballistic missiles by expanding the
Aegis Combat System with the addition of the AN/SPY-1 radar and Standard 
missile technologies.
 The US Navy’s vessels currently equipped with Aegis BMDS are Ticonderoga
(CG-47) Class cruisers and also Arleigh Burke (DDG-51) Class destroyers.
AEGIS BMD TARGET ENGAGEMENT
 COMPONENTS OF AEGIS BMD
Aegis, like all missile defense systems, is made up of three basic components:
sensors, interceptors, and command and control.
 SENSORS
• AN/SPY-1 RADAR

 INTERCEPTORS
• STANDARD MISSILE – 3 (SM-3)

 COMMAND AND CONTROL

 AN/SPY-1 RADAR
 The AN/SPY-1 is a United States Navy 3D radar system
manufactured by Lockheed Martin. The array is a passive 
electronically scanned system and is a key component of the Aegis 
Combat System.
 The system is computer controlled system using four complementary
antennas to provide 360 degree coverage.
 The SPY-1 can maintain continuous radar surveillance while
automatically tracking more than 100 targets at one time.
 Numerical figures on the SPY-1 detection range claim that it can
detect a golf ball-sized target at ranges in excess of 165 km. When
applied to a ballistic missile-sized target, the SPY-1 radar is estimated
to have a range of 310 km.
 Aegis BMD-equipped cruisers and destroyers are being equipped
with the capability to intercept short- and medium-range ballistic
missiles as quickly as 10 seconds after the radar “sees” the missile’s
movement.
 MARK 41 VERTICAL LAUNCH SYSTEM
VLS
 It is an advanced system for holding and firing missiles on mobile
naval platforms, such as surface ships and submarines.
 Each vertical launch system consists of a number of cells, which
can hold one or more missiles ready for firing.
 When new missiles are developed, they are typically fitted to the
existing vertical launch systems of that nation, allowing existing
ships to use new types of missiles without expensive rework.
 A VLS allows surface combatants to have a greater number of
weapons ready for firing at any given time compared to older
launching systems
 In addition to greater firepower, VLS is much more damage tolerant
and reliable than the previous systems, and has a lower radar cross-
section.
 COMMAND AND
CONTROL
All the data that is being processed by the sensors and radars and
then sent to the interceptors and kill vehicles are linked through
another network of command and control centers. The centers are
located around the entire world and involve several different U.S.
military branches and commands working together . The
information from the sensors and interceptors routed through
command and control work together for the interception of
enemy missiles.
 SM – 3 INTERCEPTOR
 The RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) is a ship-based missile system used by
the United States Navy to intercept short and intermediate-range ballistic missiles.
Although primarily designed as an anti-ballistic missile, the SM-3 has also been
employed in an anti-satellite capacity against a satellite at the lower end of low 
Earth orbit.
 The interceptor uses sheer force, rather than an explosive warhead, to destroy its
target. It hits threats with the force of a 10-ton truck traveling 600 mph.
 Like any other missiles SM-3 Missiles also works by the principle of Newton’s
Third Law . The propulsion of a rocket engine is achieved with the help of a
Rocket Engine. It produces thrust by ejecting very hot gaseous matter , called
propellant
 The hot gases are produced in the combustion chamber of the Rocket engine by
chemical reactions
 The propellent is exhausted through a nozzle at a high speed.This exhaust causes
the rocket to move in opposite direction.
SM-3 missiles have three-stage missiles, sharing the first two stages consist of Mk 72
Booster and Mark 104 Dual Thrust Rocket Motor along with a third stage solid-propellant
rocket (Mk 136 Third Stage Rocket Motor) to increase velocity at atmospheric exit. The kill
vehicle for the SM-3 is derived from the Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile or LEAP.
It combines a kinetic warhead with a longwave infrared seeker for target discrimination as
well as a divert and attitude control thruster to maneuver the kill vehicle
 WORKING OF AEGIS BMD

 As the Target missile enters the atmosphere the infra-red satellites detect the
missile and the information is transferred to the ground based Defense system. As
the Engine concludes it’s burn the infra-red Satellites cannot detect the missile.
The ship's AN/SPY-1 radar finds the ballistic missile target and the Aegis weapon 
system calculates a solution on the target. When the missile is ordered to launch,
the Aerojet MK 72 solid-fuel rocket booster launches the SM-3 out of the ship's
Mark 41 vertical launching system (VLS). The missile then establishes
communication with the launching ship. Once the booster burns out, it detaches,
and the Aerojet MK 104 solid-fuel dual thrust rocket motor (DTRM) takes over
propulsion through the atmosphere. The missile continues to receive mid-course
guidance information from the launching ship and is aided by GPS data. The ATK
MK 136 solid-fueled third-stage rocket motor (TSRM) fires after the second stage
burns out, and it takes the missile above the atmosphere (if needed). The TSRM is
pulse fired and provides propulsion for the SM-3 until 30 seconds to intercept.
The war head intercepts with the enemy Missile and it is destroyed
 MERITS AND DEMERITS

MERITS –
• Security
• Saves lives
• Saves the environment
• Can be used as anti- satellite missiles
• Can prevent attacks by way of interception

DEMERITS –
• Costly
• Technology could be stolen
• Could start an arms race
 FUTURE SCOPE
 These U.S. Aegis ships are invaluable for stability and peace around the world
today and through the future.
 Extended range of missiles helps to destroy hostile threats.
 Advancing technologies in the BMD system helps to easily determine enemy
threats.
 Sm-6 missiles are more capable than sm-2 missiles
 Launching systems used in Aegis ships can be also used for land based systems.
 CONCLUSION
 Missile defence systems are necessary for preventing enemy threats.
 Currently Ballistic missiles are among the most expensive of single-use weapons,
up to several million dollars. However, they are cheaper than human pilots when
total training and infrastructure costs are taken into account.
 Guidance System used in Ballistic missile is a complex system which involves
several systems working in random. It is essential that guidance system is
properly designed for accurate interception of targets.
 Aegis Ballistic system is the combination of different Defensive Elements
 REFERENCES
 CSIS MISSILE DEFENCE PROGRAM
https://missilethreat.csis.org/system/aegis/
 AEGIS BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENCE SYSTEM
https://wiki2.org/en/Aegis_Ballistic_Missile_Defense_System
 PROJECTILE WARHEAD
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Exo-Atmospheric_Projectile
 MISSILE DEFENCE ADVOCACY
https://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/alert/the-future-of-aegis-bmd/
THANK YOU