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PATHWAY TO
ENGLISH
Kelompok Peminatan

Untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI

Chapter 2

I Have Waited
a Long Time
 Perfect Tense
Patterns:
The past perfect tense
Refers to a situation in the past S + had + past participle
happening before another situation
in the past.
The present perfect tense
Refers to an action happening from S + have/has + past participle
the past up to the present.
The future perfect tense
Refers to an activity completed S + will + have + past participle
before another activity in the future.
 Past Perfect Tense
present Time marker
past future • already
• just
• yet

The Titanic had already received A situation in the past:

six ice warning when it hit the The Titanic hit the
iceberg. iceberg.
 Past Perfect Tense
present Time marker
past future • for
• since

Repetition of an action:
The have won the competition •once
twice. •twice
•thrice
 Future Perfect Tense
present Time marker

past
• by the time
future
• when
• before

Some time in the

The mechanics will have finished future will be the end
all the work by the time the car is
ready for sale. point of something to
happen.
 Tips on studying perfect
tense
1. Understand the timeline of each tense.
2. Understand the difference between punctual
verbs and durative verbs.
3. Understand the difference between frequency
and end point.
4. Understand the time marker of each tense.