NATURAL

MINERALS AND
THEİR
PROPERTİES
ROZERİN KARTAL
WHAT IS MINERAL ?
A mineral is homogenous,
naturally occurring substance
formed through geological
processes that has a characteristic
chemical composition, a highly
ordered atomic structure and
specific physical properties.
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
• Hardness

• Density

• Fracture Surface

• Color

• Line Color

• Brightness

• Magnetic Property

• Taste

• Tissue
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• The color of a mineral when it is powdered is called the streak of

the mineral.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• COLOR
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• The luster of a mineral is the way its surface reflects light.

HARDNESS-MOHS SCALE
CLEAVAGE

• Cleavage is the way a mineral breaks.

• one direction mica two directions feldspar three directions calcite

FRACTURE

• Fracture is breakage that is not flat. The two main kinds of fracture are conchoidal (shell-shaped, as in quartz) and
uneven

• conchoidal uneven
ROCK CLASSIFICATION

Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

IGNEOUS ROCKS

• Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma) cools

and solidifies, with or without crystallization,either
below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on
the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.
SEDIMENTAR
Y ROCKS
• Sedimentary rocks are types
of rock that are formed by the
accumulation or deposition of
mineral or organic particles at the
Earth's surface, followed by
cementation. Sedimentation is the
collective name for processes that
cause these particles to settle in
place.
METAMORPHI
C ROCKS
• Metamorphic rocks are the result of
the transformation of a pre-existing
rock type, the protolith, in a process
called metamorphism, which means
"change in form". The protolith is
subjected to heat (greater than 150
degrees Celsius) and/or extreme
pressure causing profound physical
and/or chemical change. The protolith
may be sedimentary rock, igneous
rock or another older metamorphic
rock.
AMETHYST

Amethyst (SiO2) a type of purple colored quartz. Used as

jewelery. The colorless, transparent rock crystal is the purest
form of quartz.

The amethyst is said to get its name from the Greek words "not"
(negative suffix) and methuskein, "to get drunk". The reason for
this is the belief that the stone, which was common in ancient
times, protects its owner from drunkenness. It was believed that
drinking wine from an amethyst bowl or mug would not get a
person drunk.
RUBY
Ruby stone is a stone that has a glassy and shining
appearance. The chemical group of ruby ​stone are oxides.
Its hardness level is 9. This stone is a translucent and
opaque.

According to Vedic astrology, ruby represents the

Manipura or Navel Chakra in your body. It stimulates this
chakra to remove self-doubt and depression from your
mind. A person wearing this stone will experience a boost
of self-confidence and passion toward life.
FLUORITE
Fluorite or fluorite [1]; CaF2 is a mineral in its composition that is
transparent or translucent, which can be yellow, green, blue, purple,
red or colorless. It is one of the minerals with the most color
diversity in nature. Its density is 3.2 g / cm³ and its hardness is 4
according to the Mohs hardness scale. Although its crystal structure
is generally cubic, octahedral structures are also found.

Fluorite stone is healing against headaches. It makes our thoughts

clear. It has energy-soothing and soothing properties. It has been
determined to increase mental clarity and concentration.
SAPPHIRE

Sapphire (Sky ruby) is the crystal form of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). It

occurs naturally or can be produced. Its hardness is 9 according to the
Mohs hardness scale. All other varieties of corundum, except the red
colored ones (ruby), are called sapphires.

Known as the lord of the blue, the stone can be found in more than one
variety in nature. Since the sapphire, which has been associated with the
splendor and peace of the heavens since the Middle Ages, was believed
to symbolize heaven, religious leaders used blue sapphires at that time.
The royal family used it to protect and attract wealth. In some cultures;
It is thought to eliminate bad thoughts and bring peace to the person
using it.
MOONSTONE
It consists of two types of feldspar group,
Albite and Orthoclase stone. Its hardness is
between 5.5 - 6

Deeply linked to the feminine and the moon,

moonstone is a perfect stone to gracefully create
harmony within and strengthen intuition. It was the
stone of Gods and Goddesses in ancient India, and is
seen as sacred and regal.