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Energy
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PART
ONE
Energy
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ENERGY:is the capacity to do work

The unit of energy is which is also kg (kilogram meter

squared per second squared).
Energy can be in many forms! Here we look at Potential
Energy (PE) and Kinetic Energy (KE).
Potential Energy (PE) is stored energy due to position or rate
●A raised hammer has PE due to gravity.
●Fuel and explosives have Chemical PE
A coiled spring or drawn bow also have PE due to their state
 Formula for Potential Energy

PE= m g h

When PE is due to
65an objects height
82then: 44 73
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PE due to gravity Enter title Enter title Enter title

Where:
● is the objects mass ()
● is the “gravitational field strength “ of 9.8 near the Earth’s surface
● is height m
Example: This 2 hammer is 0.4 m up. What is
65 82 it’s PE? 44 73
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 PE =݉݃ℎ
2
65
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=2݇݃ x9.8 ݉/‫ ݒ‬x0.4 m
82
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44
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73
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22
=7.84݇݃ ݉ /‫ݏ‬
=7.84‫ܬ‬
 65 82 44 73
Kinetic Energy
Enter title– is energy of motion.
Enter title “Á moving car has a lot of
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 2
Theformula is: KE=½݉‫ݒ‬
Where:
65 82 44 73
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● ݉is theobject’s mass(kg)
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● vis theobject’s speed(݉/‫)ݏ‬

Example: What is the KEof a 1500 kg car going at suburban speed of 14 ݉/‫ݏ‬
(about 50 ݇݉ /ℎ or 30 ݉‫݌‬ℎ)?
KE = ½ ݉‫ݒ‬2
= ½ x 1500 ݇݃ (14 ݉/‫)ݏ‬2
= 147,000 ݇݃ ݉2/‫ݏ‬2
= 147 ݇‫ܬ‬
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PE to KE - “Skydivers have potential energy due to being high up.

After they jump this potential energy gets converted into kinetic
energy (and heat) as they speed up”
When falling, an
object’s PE due to
Example: We drop gravity converts into
0.1 apple 1 m. In what KE and also heat due
speed does it hit the to air pressure.
ground with?
At 1 m above the
ground it’s Potential
Energy is
PE =݉݃ℎ
2
=0.1 ݇݃ x9.8 ݉/‫ ݏ‬x1݉
22
=0.98݇݃ ݉ /‫ݏ‬
 for velocity we can Velocity from KE: v = √(2 x KE / m)
combine the formulas Put in formula for PE: v = √(2 x m g h / m)
like this: Cancel m/m: v = √(2 g h)

The mass does not matter! It is all about height and gravity. For our
earlier example:

v = √(2 g h)
v = √(2 x 9.8 ݉/‫ݏ‬2 x 1 m
v = 4.427… ݉/‫ݏ‬
 Re
lPower
ax
The rate of doing work is known &as power. By rate, we mean the speed with which
e
work is done. And when we speak
n of speed, we always think of time. Power depends on
the time onej does a particular piece of work.
oy
yo
ur
d rin
k… Take A Break

Next resentation 10:00 AM

 ܲ=‫ܹݐ‬
or
ܲ=‫ܧ∆ݐ‬

The unit of power is joules per second (J/s). This SI unit has the
name watt (W), in honor of James Watt, who invented the steam engine. For
historical reasons, the horsepower is occasionally used to describe the power
delivered by a machine. One horsepower is equivalent to approximately 746
Watts.
 This 10 kg of rice is 0.10 m up. What is it’s PE?

The apple has 12 kg and is 0.10 m up. What is PE?

What is the KE of a 1000 kg car going at Manila speed of 80 ?

 This 10 kg of rice is 0.10 m up. What is it’s PE?
PE =
= 10x 9.8 / x 0.10 m
= 9.8
= 9.8 j

The apple has 12 kg and is 0.10 m up. What is PE?

PE =
= 12x 9.8 / x 0.10 m

= 11.76 j

What is the KE of a 1000 kg car going at Manila speed of 80 ?

= 0.5 x1000 (80)^2
=500(6400)
=3,200,000 k j
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