SEMINAR ON

NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY

PRESENTED BY
PINKI BARMAN
M.SC (N) 1ST YEAR
AIN, GUWAHATI
INTRODUCTION
 The overriding objective of economic and social development
is to improve the quality of lives that people lead, to enhance
their well-being, and to provide them with opportunities and
choices to become productive assets in society. On 11 May,
2000 India is projected to have 1 billion (100 crore) people, i.e.
16 percent of the world's population on 2.4 percent of the
globe's land area. If current trends continue, India may
overtake China in 2045, to become the most populous country
in the world. India's current annual increase in population of
15.5 million is large enough to neutralize efforts to conserve
the resource endowment and environment. In 1952, India was
the first country in the world to launch a national programme,
emphasizing family planning to the extent necessary for
reducing birth rates "to stabilize the population at a level
consistent with the requirement of national economy .
 What is population???
Population-A population is a summation of all the
organisms of the same group or species, w
A population is the number of organisms of the
same species that live in a particular geographic
area at the same time, with the capability of
interbreeding. n the same geographical area ,
and have the capability of interbreed\\
 What is policy????
 Set of ideas or plans that is used as a basis for
decision making
 Attitude and actions of an organization
regarding a particular issue.
 General statement of understanding which
guide decision making.
 What is population policy????
a deliberate effort by a national
government to influence the
demographic variables like fertility,
mortality , and migration.
A set of coordinated laws aimed at
reaching some demographic goal.
 NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY2000
Milestones
 1946- Bhore committee report
 1952- Family planning programme
 1976- Statement of national population policy
 1977- Policy statement for family welfare
programme.
 1983- National Health Policy emphasized need.
 1991- National development council appointed a
committee.
NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY2000

 1993- Dr Swaminathan group prepared a

draft and discussed by cabinet and then
parliament.
 1999-Another draft policy was finished and
finalised on 19th November.
 15th February,2000- National Population
Policy was adopted.
OBJECTIVE

Immediate Objectives :
• To address the unmet needs for contraception
, health care infrastructure and health
personnel.
• To provide integrated device delivery for basic
reproductive and child health care
• To strengthen health infrastructure.
• To strengthen health personnel.
OBJECTIVE

The Medium Term :

• To bring the TER to replacement levels by
2010, through the vigorous implementation
of inter-sectoral operational strategies
The Long Term:
• To achieve a stable population by 2045 at a
level consistent with the requirements of
sustainable socio-economic growth and
development and environmental protection.
SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC GOALS OF NPP
 Address the unmet needs for basic reproductive and
child health services, supplies and infrastructure
 Make school education up to the age 14 free and
compulsory, and reduce drop out at primary and
secondary level to below 20% for both boys and girls.
 Reduce infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live
births
 Reduce maternal mortality ratio to below 100 per
100,000 live births
 Achieve universal immunization of children against all
vaccine preventable diseases.
 Promote delayed marriage for girls, not earlier than the age of 18,
preferably after 20 years of age.
 Achieve 80% of institutional deliveries and 100% deliveries by trained
persons.
 Achieve universal access to information/counseling, and services for
fertility regulation and contraception with a wide basket of choices.
 Achieve 100% registration of birth, death and pregnancy.
 Contain the spread of AIDS and promote greater integration between
the management of RTI, STI and the NACO.
 Prevent and control communicable diseases.
 Integrate Indian System of Medicine in the provision of RCH services and
in reaching out to households.
 Promote vigorously the small family norm to achieve replacement level
of TFR.
 Bring about convergence in implementation of related social sector
programs so that family welfare becomes a people centered program
STRATEGIC THEMES

1. Decentralized planning and program

implementation.
2. Convergence of service delivery in village levels
3. Empowering women for improved health and
nutrition.
4. Child Survival and Child Health
5. Meeting the unmet needs for family welfare
services.
6. Greater emphasis for under-served population
groups
STRATEGIC THEMES
7. Diverse health care providers.
8. Collaboration with and commitments from not- government
organizations and the private sector
9. Mainstreaming Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy
10. Contraceptive technology and research on reproductive and
child health.
11.Providing both care and support for the older population.
12.Adolescent
13.Information,education, communication
14. Legislation
15. Public Support
Promotional and Motivational Measures

 Panchayats and Zila Parishads will be rewarded and

honoured for exemplary performance in universatising
the small family norm, achieving reduction in infant
mortality and birth rates and promoting literacy with
completion of primary schooling .
 Balika Samridhi Yojana run by the Department of Women
and Child Development, to promote survival .and care of
the girl child, will continue .A cash incentive of 500 is
awarded at the birth of the girl child of birth order 1 or 2.
 3. Maternity Benefit Scheme run by the Department of
Rural Development will continue.
 A family welfare-linked health insurance plan will be
established. Couple below the proverty line who
undergo sterilization with more than two living children
would become eligible for health insurance not
exceeding Rs 5000.
 Couples below the poverty line. who marry after an the
legal age of marriage, registered marriage to the have
their first child after the mother reached age of 21,
according the small family norm and the adopt terminal
method after birth of the second child, will be rewarded.
 A revolving fund will be set up for income generation
activities by village level self-help group, who provide
community level healthcare services.
 Opening of Creche at rural and urban area.
 A wider and affordable choice of contraceptives
will be made accessible at diverse delivery points
with counseling services to enable acceptors to
exercise voluntary and informed consent.
 Facilities for safe abortion will be strengthened and
expanded.
 Products and services will be made affordable
through innovative social marketing schemes.
 Local entrepreneurs a village levels will be
provided soft loans and encouraged to run
ambulance services to supplement the existing
arrangements for referral transportation.
 Increased vocational training schemes for girls,
leading to self-employment, will be encouraged.
 Strict enforcement of Child Marriage Restraint
Act, 1976.
 Strict enforcement of the Prenatal Diagnostic
Techniques Act, 1994.
 Soft loans to ensure mobility to the ANMs will be
increased.
 NATIONAL COMMISSION ON
POPULATION
National Commission on Population was formulated on 11th
May 2000 and reconstituted on Feb 2005. It presided over
by the Prime Minister, will have the Chief Ministers of all
states and UTs, and the Central Minister in charge of the
Department of Family Welfare and other concerned Central
Ministries and Departments, for example Department of
Woman and Child Development, Department of Education,
Department of Social Justice and Empowerment in the
Ministry of HRD, Ministry of Rural Development, Ministry of
Environment and Forest, and others as necessary, and
reputed demographers, public health professionals, and
NGOs as members.
AIMS OF NPC

 To review, monitor and give directions for the

implementation of the National Population Policy.
 To promote synergy between demographic,
educational, environmental and developmental
programs.
 To promote inter-sectoral coordination in
planning and implementation.
 First Meeting-23rd July 2005: Survey of all District
to identify the weakness in Health Care Delivery
System.
NATIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION REPORT

Sex ratio
 The report estimates the sex ratio to increase from 943 in 2011 to 957
in 2036.
 Compared to 2011 the sex ratio in 18 states except Kerala, Karnataka,
Maharashtra and Gujarat are expected to increase by 2036.
Infant Mortality rate
 India’s infant mortality rate is reported to be 46 in 2010 which is
expected to reduce to 30 by the end of the 2031 – 2035.
 The report propjets the IMR to reduce in all the states of India in 2011
– 2035. Madhya Pradesh has the highest IMR at 58 followed by Uttar
Pradesh with 57 in 2011 – 2015. During 2031 -35 the IMR is expected to
be in between 30 -40 in Rajasthan, Assam ,Odisha, Chattisgarh, MP
and UP. Kerala is expected to have the lowest IMR at 9 in 2031 – 35.
Fertility Rate
 Total fertility rate is expected to decline from 2.34
during 2011 – 2015 to 1.73 during 2031 – 35.
 Bihar and UP have the highest TFR with 3.5 and 3.7
respectively.
Population of India
 The report projects India’s population to increase
by 25.7% in 25 years at the rate of 1% annually, i.e.
from 121.1 crore to 151.8 crore during 2011 – 36.
 As per the 2011 census India’s population was 1.21
billion which is estimated to grow by 311 million
by 2036
Decline in rate of population growth
 The population growth rate will decline by 8.4% during
2021- 2031.
Urban Population
 The urban population was 31.8% in 2011 which is projected
to increase to 38.2% by 2036.
 Delhi with 98% urban population in 2011 is expected to
become 100% urban by 2036.
Life expectancy
 For men, the life expectancy is expected to increase from 66
to 69 and for women, it is expected to increase from 71 to
74.
 Kerala could become the only Indian state to have life
expectancy above 80 for women and 74 for men by 2036.
State Population Commission

 Each state and UT may consider having a

State/UT Commission on Population,
presided over by the Chief Minister, on the
analogy of the National Commission, to
likewise oversee and review implementation
of the NPP 2000 in the states/UTs.
Coordination Cell in the Planning Commission

 The Planning Commission will have a

Coordination Cell for inter-sectoral
coordination between Ministries for
enhancing performance, particularly in
States/ UTS needing special attention on
account of adverse demographic and human
development indicators.
Technology Mission in the Department of Family Welfare

To enhance performance, particularly in states

with currently below average socio
demographic indices that need focused
attention, a Technology Mission in the
Department of Family Welfare will be
established to provide technology support in
respect of design and monitoring of projects
and programs for reproductive and child
health, as well as for IEC campaigns.
Implementation of Population Policy 2000

 The PP 2000 emphasises on:

(i) People-centred approach.
(ii) Decentralised planning and implementation through
panchayats and Nagar palikas.
(iii) Integrated package for health, MCH and family planning
(iv) Informed choice of contraceptives.
(v) Concerns for gender issues.
(vi) Focus on undeserved population groups and adolescents.
(vii) Community participation with increased participation of
men in planned family and parenthood.
CONCLUSION