1

Internet Technology

Lectures by
Dr. Ruchi Garg
 Contents Covered in Lecture 1
2/14

 Pre-requisite of the Subject

 Outcome of the Subject
 Objective of the subject
 Introduction of Internet : Basics
 Internet and Web
3/14

 The internet is a huge network of computers all

connected together.
 The world wide web ('www' or 'web' for short)
is a collection of webpages found on this
network of computers.
 The web browser uses the internet to access the
web.
 Relation between Internet and Web
4/14

 The world wide web, or web for short, are the

pages you see when you're at a device and you're
online.
 But the internet is the network of connected
computers that the web works on, as well as
what emails and files travel across.
 Internet or Web: Which Came first?
5/14

 ARPANET adopted TCP/IP on January 1, 1983,

and from there researchers began to assemble the
“network of networks” that became the modern
Internet.
 The online world became more recognizable form
in 1990, when computer scientist Tim Berners-
Lee invented the World Wide Web.
 History of Web
6/14

 Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, invented the

World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989, while
working at CERN.
 The Web was originally conceived and developed
to meet the demand for automated information-
sharing between scientists in universities and
institutes around the world.
 Services of Internet
7/14

 Internet Services allows us to access huge

amount of information such as text, graphics,
sound and software over the internet.
 Main four different categories of Internet
Services.
 Services of Internet
8/14
 Services of Internet: Communication Services
9/14

 There are various Communication Services

available that offer exchange of information with
individuals or groups.
 Services of Internet: Communication Services
S.N.
10/14 Service Description
1 Electronic Mail: Used to send electronic message over the internet.
2 Telnet: Used to log on to a remote computer that is attached to internet.
3 Newsgroup: Offers a forum for people to discuss topics of common interests.
4 Internet Relay Chat (IRC): Allows the people from all over the world to
communicate in real time.
5 Mailing Lists: Used to organize group of internet users to share common information
through e-mail.
6 Internet Telephony (VoIP): Allows the internet users to talk across internet to any PC
equipped to receive the call.
7 Instant Messaging: Offers real time chat between individuals and group of people.
Eg. Yahoo messenger, MSN messenger. (old ways)
 Services of Internet: Information Retrieval
Services
11/14

 There exist several Information retrieval services

offering easy access to information present on the
internet.
 Services of Internet: Information Retrieval Services
12/14

S.N. Service Description

1 File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Enable the users to transfer files.
2 Archie (very old)
It’s updated database of public FTP sites and their content. It helps to
search a file by its name.
3 Gopher
Used to search, retrieve, and display documents on remote sites.
4 Very Easy Rodent Oriented Netwide Index to Computer Achieved
(VERONICA)
VERONICA is gopher based resource. It allows access to the
information resource stored on gopher’s servers.
 Services of Internet: Information Retrieval
Services
13/14

 Archie is a tool for indexing FTP archives,

allowing users to more easily identify specific
files.
 It is considered the first Internet search engine.
 The original implementation was written in 1990
by Alan Emtage, then a postgraduate student at
McGill University in Montreal, Canada.
 Services of Internet: Information Retrieval Services
14/14

 The Gopher protocol is a communication

protocol designed for distributing, searching, and
retrieving documents in Internet Protocol
networks.
 Services of Internet: Web Services
15/14

• Web services allow exchange of information between

applications on the web.
• Using web services, applications can easily interact
with each other.
• The web services are offered using concept of Utility
Computing.
 Services of Internet: World Wide Web (WWW)
16/14

 There exist several Information retrieval services

offering easy access to information present on the
internet.
 Services of Internet: World Wide Web (WWW)
17/14

 WWW is also known as W3.

 It offers a way to access documents spread over
the several servers over the internet.
 These documents may contain texts, graphics,
audio, video, hyperlinks.
 The hyperlinks allow the users to navigate
between the documents.
 Services of Internet: World Wide Web (WWW)
18/14

 Video Conferencing
Video conferencing or Video teleconferencing is a
method of communicating by two-way video and
audio transmission with help of telecommunication
technologies.
 Services of Internet: World Wide Web (WWW)
19/14

 Modes of Video Conferencing

• Point-to-Point: This mode of conferencing
connects two locations only.

• Multi-point: This mode of conferencing connects

more than two locations through Multi-point Control
Unit (MCU).
Queries?