Discussion Is Based On

• Noise Pollution in Oceans

• Noise pollution in Atmospheric
NOISE POLLUTION IN OCEANS
 Filled with sound from natural sources (clicks of whales and dolphins, the snapping of shrimp, the sound
caused by wind upon the surface , rumble of earth quack
 "The Silent World" by Jacques Cousteau. Noise has increased 10 db between 1950 to 1975 (Ross, D. 1993).
 Some factors creating noise pollution.
 Christopher W. Clark
 Sound speed in water (1,230 meters/sec. ) in air (340 meters/sec.)
Adverse effects

 Dolphin communicates at 1000 HZ

 Testing of "Low-frequency Active (LFA) Sonar
 Incident of March 2000.
Federal investigation
 Article posted by the NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL
"More than a dozen harbor porpoises were found dead on the beach near the San
Juan Islands soon after the Navy tested active sonar in the Haro Strait in May
 orca whales behaved erratically having injuries like ACOUSTIC TRAUMA
SOUND LEVELS GENERATED BY VARIOUS SOURCES OF NOISE

Sound Level dbA

Quiet library, soft whispers 30
Quiet room 40
Normal conversation 60
Air conditioner at 20 feet, sewing machine 60
Vacuum cleaner, hair dryer, noisy restaurant 70
Moderate traffic 75
Heavy Traffic 85
Subway, motorcycle, truck traffic, lawn mower 90-100
Garbage truck, pneumatic drill 100100

Chain saw 110

Rock band concert in front of speakers, thunderclap 120

Emergency Response Siren, Jet takeoff 120

Jackhammer 130

Gunshot blast, Jet engine 140

Rocket launching pad 180

NOISE POLLUTION IN ATMOSPHERE
In U.S.A. 11 Million adults and 3 million children suffer from some form of hearing loss. 8
 
GENERAL LAWS
Following are a few general laws governing noise pollution.
 Pakistan Penal Code 1860 
Section 268 (public nuisance)
Section 278 (fine Rs1500)
 West Pakistan Regulation and Control of Loud Speakers and Sound Amplifiers Ordinance, 1965 
 The Motor Vehicle Rules, 1969
Rule 154 (horns)
Rule 155 (silencers)
Rule 158 (maintenance)
Rule 226 (parking lots, cab rank)
 Laws in PEPA(Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997) according to National Environmental Quality
Standard
Section 2
Section 11
Health effects from noise
 Hearing loss
Age-related (presbycusis)
(Consistent exposure to loud music, young people in the United States have a rate of impaired hearing 2.5
times greater than their parents and grandparents)
Occupational hearing loss
(hearing loss is evident at 3000 – 6000 Hz frequencies.)
 Cardiovascular effects
In 1999, the World Health Organization(WHO) concluded that long term exposure to:
67-70 dB cause Hypertension
50 dB at night can cause heart attack
 Stress and Annoyance
 Cognitive development
 Dementia
(decline in mental ability)
(study by Public Health Ontario )
 In canines