Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University

Public International Law

Dr. Rabia

Done By: Mohammed Al-Shawyah

Fahd Al-Otabi

Sultan Al-Qahtani

Yasser Al-Qahtani

10/4/2021
 ENVIRONMENTAL
CRIME PREVENTION
 DEFITION:
Environmental crimes are
INTRODUCTION defined as illegal activities
which may have negative
WHAT IS impacts on the environment,
ENVIRONMENTAL thus causing harm to the
CRIME environment. They may be
activities that involve lack of
conservation of the natural
resources, pollution of the
environment, and injustice to
wildlife and biodiversity.
PREVIEW OF THE PRESENTATION
 Thispresentation will take about 15 minutes to
complete. It contains useful and interesting
information that you may not want to miss.
 During the course of this presentation, I will allow a
few questions relevant to the topic of this presentation
for further clarifications.
 Due to the impact of this presentation topic and its
importance in our daily lives, kindly, it is important
that we take short notes for future reference if you are
able to do so.
 THE PURPOSE OF THIS
PRESENTATION
 In this presentation, I will assess and evaluate the role of
environmental crime prevention in ensuring a sustainable
environment.
I will also discuss the various types of environmental crimes
and their impacts on the human, plant, and animal life.
I will also discuss the possible ways of preventing
environmental harm perpetuated by human beings and the
general rules, laws or policies and regulations that are
required to ensure environmental justice is practiced.
 EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THIS
PRESENTATION
 Atthe end of this presentation, I’m hoping that each one of you
will have understand what is meant by the term environmental
crime and what environmental crime prevention entails. I’m
also anticipating that each one of you will have understood, by
the end of this presentation, the impact of these environmental
crimes the human, plant, and animal life and the greater need to
enforce laws, rules, policies, and regulations that control the
behavior of individuals towards ensuring a sustainable
environment for the benefit of all including plants and animals,
especially the aquatic life forms.
WHAT DOES
ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME
PREVENTION ENTAIL
Environmental crime
prevention includes both
informal and formal control
measures either politically,
economically, and socially ,
which tries to eradicate an anti-
social behavior for the purpose
of preventing a particular
environmental area from
deteriorating. It emphasizes
more on the international laws.
 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME PREVENTION
Environmental crime prevention focuses to prevent various activities
that deteriorate the environment. Some of these issues include:
 Illegal exploitation of natural resources
 Lack of conservation for natural resources
 Corporate crimes in the sector of forestry and wildlife
 Illegal fishing
 Trafficking of hazardous waste materials
 Smuggling of substances that depletes the ozone layer
 VARIOUS TYPES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES
 Illegal exploitation of natural resources
 Corporate crimes in the sector of forestry and wildlife
 Illegal fishing
 Trafficking and disposal of hazardous waste materials
 Smuggling of substances that depletes the ozone layer
 Illegal emissions into the atmosphere.
Illegal exploitation of natural resources

 Exploitation of natural resources is described as using the

available scarce natural resources for economic growth
without considering the impact it will have on the
environment, particularly environmental degradation.
 Natural resources despite their scarcity, are limitless and may
be exploited over a longer period. However, illegal
exploitation may lead to consequences such as desertification,
deforestation, soil erosion, ozone depletion, extinction of rare
species, and depletion of minerals and metals.
Corporate crimes in the sector of forestry
and wildlife
 It is reported that about the worth of $152 billion, the illegal forestry and
wildlife industries that exist accounts of about 90 percent of the
increasing tropical deforestation in many countries. This rapidly attracts
the most largest organized crime groups globally. This is reported to be
causing serious social, environmental, and economic damage as well as
fuel conflicts in various areas covered by forests where criminal groups
compete for the available market.
 These crimes in the sector may be tackled through various ways such as:
Greater police awareness, Addressing emerging trends, Stronger operational
capacity, All-inclusive investigations and Stronger transnational cooperation
 Illegal fishing

Some of the examples where illegal fishing is experienced include the following:

 Commercial fishing, which involves catches in excess of quota, false declarations and
destruction of bycatch linked to marine pollution
 Recreational fishing, which involves unlicensed fishing and fishing in excess of quota
 Indigenous fishing, which may involve fishing in traditional but foreign waters and fishing
without a permit
 Large-scale illegal fishing, which also involves overexploitation of particular species such
as sharks
 Specialist illegal fishing, which is designed to exploit endangered species for private fish
collections or medicinal purposes.
Trafficking and disposal of hazardous
waste materials
 Illegaltrafficking and disposal of waste is a little lucrative
business that has serious negative consequences on the
environment and the life of people.
 Itis therefore critical to create awareness of the international
community, the civil society, relevant environmental bodies,
and the enforcement agencies on the quantity of the produced
hazardous wastes and the consequences it causes to human
health and the environment as well as the negative impact it
may have on the legal economy
Smuggling of substances that depletes the
ozone layer

Ozone  depleting  substances  (ODSs)  are  those   substances

which  deplete  the  ozone  layer  (for   example,
chlorofluorocarbons  (CFCs),  halons,  
hydrochlorofluorocarbons  (HCFCs), and  so  on),   and  are
 widely  used  in  refrigerators,  air-­ conditioners,  fire
 extinguishers,  dry  cleaning and as  solvents  for  cleaning,
 among  others.
 Illegal emissions into the atmosphere
 Itis reported that there has been a rapid increase in the illegal gas
emissions that depletes the ozone layer of the earth.
 Such emissions have negative impacts our health and safety daily
because they lower the quality of fresh air we breathe and as a result
we are exposed to increased risks of diseases. For example, illegal
chemicals in oil blending reduces air quality.
 Itis therefore critical to create awareness of the international
community, the civil society, relevant environmental bodies, and the
enforcement agencies on the quantity of illegal emissions produced
and the consequences it causes to human health and the environment
as well as the negative impact it may have on the legal economy.
 CONCLUSION
 As we come to the end of this presentation, it is important to note that
environmental crimes have negative impacts on the environment, which causes
harm to the environment, and it negatively deteriorates the quality of air and the
food that people, and animals consume.
 In this presentation, we have understood the greater need for environmental
crime prevention by discussing various major environmental crimes and their
impacts giving relevant examples.
 It is therefore critical to create awareness of the international community, the
civil society, relevant environmental bodies, and the enforcement agencies on the
need for environmental crime prevention and the consequences it may cause to
human health and the environment as well as the negative impact it may have on
the legal economy.
 THE END

THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR TIME AND I HOPE THAT

THIS PREENTATION IMPACTS YOUR LIVES
POSITIVELY CONCERNING OUR ENVIRONMENT
AND SEEKING WAYS OF ENSURING ITS
SUSTAINABILITY.

THANK YOU ALL ONCE AGAIN.

 References
 Elliott, L. (2012). Fighting transnational environmental crime. Journal of International
Affairs, 87-104.
 Huisman, W., & Van Erp, J. (2013). Opportunities for environmental crime: A test of
situational crime prevention theory. British Journal of Criminology, 53(6), 1178-1200.
 Kitteringham, G., & Fennelly, L. J. (2020). Environmental crime control. In Handbook of
Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention (pp. 207-222). Butterworth-Heinemann.
 Vagi, K. J., Stevens, M. R., Simon, T. R., Basile, K. C., Carter, S. P., & Carter, S. L. (2018).
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) characteristics associated with
violence and safety in middle schools. Journal of school health, 88(4), 296-305.
 Simpson, S. S., Gibbs, C., Rorie, M., Slocum, L. A., Cohen, M. A., & Vandenbergh, M.
(2013). An empirical assessment of corporate environmental crime-control strategies. The
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 231-278.