FORENSIC DRUG

ANALYSIS
Professor: Mr. Derick Peralta
 Contents:
▸ Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Drug
Specimens
▸ Physiology of Drugs
▸ Drug Tests
▸ Forms and Specimen Tampering
▸ Parameters of Validity Tests
▸ Initial and Confirmatory Validity Tests

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 Hello!
I am Angelyn Alonzo,
I am a second year college
student pursuing BS in
Criminology.
Section B

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What is Forensic Drug
Analysis? 1
 “
Forensic drug analysis
deals with the
identification and
quantification of illegal
drugs.

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 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
of Drug Specimens

▸ A qualitative test determines whether or

not a specific substance (analyte) is present
in the specimen.
▸ A quantitative test determines the amount
(quantity) of analyte present.

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CHROMATOGRAPH
Y
▸ In a fluid called mobile
phase, the mixture is
dissolved and conducted
through a system on which
the material called
stationary phase is fixed.

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 PHYSIOLOGY OF DRUGS

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BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES:
▸ Urine
▸ Hair
▸ Saliva
▸ Sweat
▸ Blood
▸ Meconium
▸ Breast milk
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 The detection time of certain substances of abuse in urine

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 DRUG TESTS

Drug test is the collection and examination

of blood, urine, hair, or saliva in order to
detect the presence of chemicals and
contaminants left in the body as a result of
drug use.

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 Types of Drug Test

URINE DRUG SCREEN

HAIR TESTING
SALIVA DRUG SCREEN

SWEAT DRUG SCREEN

ALCOHOL
PURCHASE

BLOOD
LOYALTY

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DRUG TEST
TAMPERING

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 FORMS OF SPECIMEN TAMPERING

HOUSEHOLD SUBSTITUTION DILUTION

PRODUCTS

PRESCRIPTION CHEMICAL INGESTION OF

DRUGS ADDITIVES FLUIDS

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 TAMPERING MYTHS

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 MOST COMMON MYTHS
Taking Creatine to Stealing Your
Raise Creatinine Specimen from the
Levels Lab

Substituting a
Urine Specimen Increasing Your
with Dog Urine Metabolism
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HOW CAN WE
DETECT
ADULTERANTS?
Adulterants have a
variety of effects on
specimens, thus many
labs can detect
tampering with a short
inspection or test.

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 COMMON METHODS OF DETECTION
▸ LABORATORY SCREENING BY
IMMUNOASSAY(EMIT/EIA)
▸ POINT OF CARE (POC)
SCREENING/DIPSTICKS
▸ SPOT TEST

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PARAMETERS OF
VALIDITY TEST
To detect adulterated
urine specimens,
validity parameters such
as pH, gravidity, urine
temperature, or testing
for oxidative/reductive
chemicals are used.

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 INITIAL AND CONFIRMATORY VALIDITY
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 A procedure used to
ensure that a specimen
provided for testing has not
VALIDITY
been altered and is usable. In
TESTS
the lab or at the point of
collection, the sample is
evaluated for the first time.

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 INITIAL VALIDITY TESTS

▸ Tests of initial validity are used to screen urine

samples for adulteration, substitution or dilution
before any other tests are conducted.

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 CONFIRMATORY VALIDITY TESTS

It is a follow-up test conducted subsequent to

a specimen validity test. A validity test is used
to determine if the specimen submitted is
characteristic of normal human urine. This
validity test will evaluate whether a specimen
has been substituted, adulterated or diluted.

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 INVALID DRUG TESTS

▸ An invalid drug test is the result of a urine sample

that contains an endogenous substance at
abnormal concentrations, has abnormal physical
characteristics, contains an unknown interfering
substance, or contains an unknown contaminant
that prevents the laboratory from obtaining a
valid result on the test.

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 A laboratory will report an invalid drug test the moment
any of the following conditions take place:
•An unidentified Temperature or PH is out
substance interfered with of range
the validation test
1 3

2 4

•Valid preliminary drug test The sample is not suitable

results can’t be obtained for testing
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 10 PANEL DRUG TESTS

A 10-panel drug test is a common way to

check for various drugs in a person’s body.

A 10-panel drug test will look for 10 of the most

common drugs that a person may be abusing.

There are some tests that use other

substances
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 WHAT DRUGS CAN THE TEST BE
FIND?

Amphetamines Cocaine Marijuana Opioids

phencyclidine
(PCP)
Barbiturates

Benzodiazepines Methaqualone
Methadone Propoxyphene

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 ▸ POC testing includes
collecting a urine
specimen from a
subject to identify
specific drug
metabolites that can
remain in the system
for several days.

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 There are three possible results from the
test. These results are:

POSITIVE

INCONCLUSIVE NEGATIVE

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