HUMAN SETTLEMENT

PERANCANGAN
PERMUKIMAN 2
 Settlement?
• A settlement is
place where
people live and
work.
• It can be large,
small, permanent
or temporary
Rural Settlement
Urban Settlement
 ORIGINS OF SETTLEMENTS

• Religious - graves, churches, temples

• Cultural - schools, libraries
• Political/Military - leader’s house, walls
• Economic - stores, food
 DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN
SETTLEMENTS
• Prior to modern times most settlements
were rural
• First Urban Settlement (Mesopotamia between
4500 and 3100 BCE)

• Early Cities
– Mycenae,Troy, & Isle of Crete in Greece
– Settlements along the world’s great rivers
(Missisipi River, Amazon River in USA, Yellow River in China)
Mesopotamia, and between the river Mycenae, kingdom of Greece
 DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN
SETTLEMENTS
• Athens - first city over 100,000
– by the 5th century BC over 300,000
• Rome - center of an empire 200 BC-400 AD
– “all roads lead to Rome”
– Paris, London, Vienna - all old Roman sites
• Mid-Evil Europe - after the fall of Rome
– urbanization decreased
– patterns of castles, walls & narrow streets
– compact space surrounded by walls
 DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN
SETTLEMENTS
• Renaissance-Baroque Cities
– Renaissance 15-16th centuries
– Baroque 16-18th centuries
– development of wide avenues & monuments
– Paris & London rebuilt, Washington D.C.
• Industrial City
– 19th century to present
– city designed around industry and transportation
– most modern cities
 DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN
SETTLEMENTS
• After Industrial City
– conurbation of a number of cities
blended together without separation
– “The Blob” Lewis Mumford (was an
American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology;
City in History))
– 40% of the world’s population lives in
urban areas
HUMAN SETTLEMENT
(Doxiadis, 1968)
• HUMAN SETTLEMENT : “settlements
inhabited by man”

• Human settlement/ Permukiman terdiri atas content

(muatan/ isi) dan container (wadah)
• Content : Man, alone and in societies
• Container : physical settlement natural and man
made/ artificial elements Shell, Network, Nature
• Konsep mengenai Ruang dan Manusia
Content and Container
MAN & SOCIETY

CONTENT
• Nature : Tanah/lahan, Laut, Air,
fauna , flora
• Shell and Network : sebagai
man made space (man made
resource = sumber daya buatan)

CONTAINER
 URBAN TRANSECT

The Transect has six zones, moving from rural to urban. It begins with two that are
entirely rural in character: Rural preserve (protected areas in perpetuity); and Rural
reserve (areas of high environmental or scenic quality that are not currently
preserved, but perhaps should be).The transition zone between countryside and
town is called the Edge, which encompasses the most rural part of the
neighborhood, and the countryside just beyond. The Edge is primarily single family
homes. Although Edge is the most purely residential zone, it can have some mixed-
use, such as civic buildings (schools are particularly appropriate for the Edge). Next
is General, the largest zone in most neighborhoods.
 URBAN TRANSECT
The potential of the transect as an urban planning tool lies in:
1) Education: it is easy to understand
2) Coding: it can be directly translated into the familiar legal framework of
Euclidean Zoning districts
3) Immersive environments: this is one where all of the elements of the human
environment work together to create something that is greater than the sum of the
parts.
The transect contains other features: it creates a framework to control and
promote growth in certain areas; it intends to increase pedestrian life, local safety,
and community identity; and, it provides tools to protect and restore natural
environments. A transect is a breakdown of city centre houses out to country
houses
URBAN TRANSECT
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

• Knox, Paul. L. 1994. Urbanization: an

introduction to urban geography. Prentice Hall
PTR.
• Doxiadis, Constantinos, A. 1968. Ekistics, An
Introduction to the Science of Human
Settlement. New york. Oxford University
• Hadi Sabari Yunus, 2001,Struktur Tata Ruang
Kota, Pustaka Pelajar Offset, Yogyakarta