COMPLIMENTARY &

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
 Objectives
• Background why complimentary &
alternative medicine (CAM) is
learned in medical school
• Basic Principles of CAM
• Domains of CAM
• Description of Integrative Medicine
DEFINITION
• Alternative medicine::
– used in place of conventional
medicine
• using special diet to treat cancer instead of
chemotherapy, surgery, etc
– medicine includes practices that differ
from conventional medicine. A typical
definition is "every available approach to
healing that does not fall within the
realm of conventional medicine"
• Complementary medicine:
– used together with conventional medicine
• using aroma therapy to relieve discomfort following
surgery
– nonconventional treatments used in
addition (complementary) to conventional
medicine prescribed by a physician.
 Why medical doctors ?
• The use of CAM in western countries
growing popular
• In our countries, CAM has been very
common since hundred years ago
• Medical doctors are skilled experts in
valuable system of medicine
• + expertise in CAM = a commitment to
compassionately serve the patient as a
person  outstanding performance
 Facts in USA
• 1995: 70 % family physician want to
training in CAM
• 1997: 80 % medical student want to
training in CAM
• 1998: 69 % Americans use
unconventional medicine (US $ 27
billion out-of-pocket = spending for
all US physician services
• 1999 : 67 % HMO offer at least one
form of CAM
Why don’t we start ?
• PERCENTAGE OF CAM USE
BY ADULTS AND CHILDREN
Who uses CAM the most?
Basic Principles of CAM
• Natural Medicine
• Holistic
• Promote wellness
 Natural Medicine
• The body was inherent ability to :
Maintain, Establish, Restore health
• The physician's role is to:
• Facilitate & augment this process
• Act, identify & remove the obstacles of
health & recovery
• Support the creation of a healthy internal
& external environment
 Give the body the appropriate tools,
and it will heal it
 Holistic
• Patients are helped back to “wholeness”
I AM NOT MY BODY- I LIVE IN MY BODY
• “Wholeness” means that physical,
mental, emotional, and vital force all in
balance between themselves and with
the spiritual consciousness known as
the soul
• Healing is the act of getting rid of all
the imbalances and creating harmony
with the soul  patient centered
 Promote wellness
• Assess risk factors and hereditary
susceptibility to disease and makes
appropriate intervention to avoid further
harm & risk to the patients
• The physician’s major role is to educate &
encourage the patient to take responsibility
for health
• Make a commitment to their personal &
spiritual development in order to be good
teachers.
it’s difficult to be healthy in an
unhealthy world
 Domains of CAM
1. Alternative Medical System
2. Mind-Body Interventions
3. Biological-Based Therapies
4. Manipulative & Body-Based
Methods
5. Energy Therapies
 1. Alternative Medical System
Involve complete system of theory &
practice  evolved independent of
and often prior to conventional med.
• Alternative medical systems are built
upon complete systems of theory and
practice. Often, these systems have
evolved apart from and earlier than
the conventional medical approach
used in the United States
• Examples of alternative medical systems
include:
– Acupuncture
– Ayurveda : diet, yoga, meditation, herbs, massage,
exposure to sunlight
– Homeopathy
– Native American healing practices
– Naturopathic medicine
– Tibetan medicine
– Traditional Chinese medicine
acupuntur ayurveda
Native American
Healing

Traditional Chinese
Medicine

Tibetan
Medicine
Homeopathy
AYURVEDA
ACUPUNCTURE
Traditional oriental medicine:
Acupuncture, Herbal Medicine,
Traditional Massage, Qi-gong
2. Mind-body interventions
Focuses on the interactions
between mind and body and the
powerful ways in which
emotional, mental, social and
spiritual factors can directly
affect health
• Mind-body medicine uses a
variety of techniques designed
to enhance the mind's capacity
to affect bodily function and
symptoms.
• Some techniques that were
considered alternative in the
past have become mainstream
(for example, patient support
groups and cognitive-
behavioral therapy).
• Other mind-body techniques are still considered alternative,
including:
– Art therapy
– Biofeedback
– Dance therapy
– Guided imagery
– Humor therapy
– Hypnotherapy
– Meditation
– Music therapy
– Prayer therapy
– Yoga
• meditation,
• certain uses of
hypnosis,
• dance, music and
art therapy
• prayer & mental
healing
 3. Biological-based therapies
• Includes natural and biologically-
based practices, interventions and
products
• Included are herbal, special dietary,
orthomolecular and individual
biological therapies
• Jamu/herbs
• Concentration of
chemical, mega
doses vitamin
• Aromatherapy
 4. Manipulative & Body-Based
Method
• Includes methods that are based on
manipulation and/or movement of the
body
• Focus on the structures and systems
of the body, including the bones
and joints, soft tissues, and
circulatory systems.
• Spinal manipulation is performed by health
care professionals such as physical therapists.
Practitioners apply a controlled force to a joint
of the spine, used by people with low-back
pain
- Chiropathy : relationship between structure &
function
- Osteophaty: emphasis on the musculoskeletal
system
- Massage therapy: manipulate soft tissues of the
body to normalize those tissue
• Massage therapy : In general, therapists press,
rub, and otherwise manipulate the muscles
and other soft tissues of the body to relieve
pain, rehabilitate sports injuries, reduce stress
and increase relaxation.
 P Y
H E RA
R G YT
EN E
 5. Energy Therapies
• Focus either on energy fields
originating within the body (biofields)
or those from other sources
(electromagnetic fields)
- Qi gong
- Reiki
- Pranic healing
- Bio-magnetic therapy
QI GONG
REIKI
 INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
1. A partnership between patient &
practitioner in the healing
process
2. Appropriate use of conventional
& alternative methods to
facilitate the body’s innate
healing response
3. Consideration to all factor that
influence health, wellness and
disease, including mind, spirit and
community as well as body
4. A philosophy that neither rejects
conventional medicine nor accepts
alternative medicine uncritically
5. Recognition that good medicine
should be based in good science,
inquiry driven and open to new
paradigm
6. Use of natural, less invasive
interventions whenever possible
5. The broader concepts of promoting of
health and the prevention of illness as
well as the treatment of disease
6. Practitioners as models of health and
healing, committed to process of self-
exploration and self-development
 Conclusion
• Integrative medicine is a
comprehensive, primary care
system that emphasizes wellness
and healing of the whole person
(bio-psycho-socio-spiritual
dimensions) as major goals, above
and beyond suppression of a specific
somatic disease.
The philosophy of integrative
medicine is compatible with WHO’s
definition of health “ is a state of
complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity.”
 AKNOWLEDMENT

Special Thanks to
dr. Dhanasari V. Trisna, MSc.CM-FM
for sharing her knowledge and spirit
of CAM
Thank
You