Equipment's and Materials

Module -4(Part II)

List of Content:
Paint color, Types of Paint brush, Canvases, Paint brush
bristles(mongoose, synthetic, hog, sable, squirrel, badger), mixing
pallet, Paint brush shapes(round, filbert, flat, fan) and easel (A- frame,
H-frame, giant, convertible, French, table top).
 Material Requirement
We need different tools for painting:
Charcoal/Pencil: HB, 2B, 4B and 6B
Different Colors: Crayons, Oil pastel, Pencil color, Crayons, Water colors,
Poster colors, Acrylic colors
Color Pallet
Types of Brush: Round, Filbert, Fan and Flat
Types of Brush Bristles: mongoose, synthetic, hog, sable, squirrel, badger
Knife or Spatula
Easel
Canvases
Paper towels and rags
Container/cup
 Paint/colors
 Paints having wide variety of colors: acrylic, water colors, oil, guache and encaustic.
 Red, yellow and blue are three primary colors, You do not need many colors. you
should always kept primary colors while painting as they use to make other colors. as
 Always Use good quality colors
 you need to learn how to mix your colors and make other colors, it helps you to
understand the relationships between colors.
 You have a yellow, red and blue (being the primary colors), black is for contrasting
color and white for tints.
 Use color theory to create a color scheme while color selection
 Careful use of colors as some of the colors are toxic or most.
 Paint Brushes
 It is an extension of your arm or tool used for painting and decorating art design.
 Paint brushes are available in wide variety irrespective of their size, shapes and designs.
 We need to understand more about anatomy while selection of paint brush are:
 It consist of three major parts; bristles, ferrule and handle
 Bristles: It is also known as hairs. can be natural, synthetic, or combination of both
 Ferrule: this is the metal band that connects the bristles to the handle and the that secures it to the handle.
Ferrules can be made from tin, aluminum, copper alloys that are nickel or chrome plated.
 Handle: It can be made of wood, acrylic and plastic in different size short or long. Long handle brush is
usually used by oil painters.
 Crimp: the base of the ferrule is crimped to hold the bristles tightly pinched together.
Paint brush bristles

 A bristle is a feather or top most part of the brush

 It depends on color medium, because it has a ability to hold the
color.
 It comes in many different shapes and sizes, and can be made from
natural hair of animals and synthetic fiber.
 Natural brush bristles are best used for acrylic and oil painting
which are resilient and have a nice spring, while synthetic brush is
used for water based colors which can holds lots of water.
 Types of brush-bristles
 Synthetic: less durable, Economical and versatile options for all painting mediums.
 Hog :Stiff, springy and economical. It is used for lifting heavy oil painting as they are durable and stiff in
nature.
 Badger : A popular brush for oil painting. Badger hair brushes tend to be the thickest at the tip of the
brush and thinner around the belly.
 Sable: They are extremely fine, springy and capable to hold lots of water, suitable for watercolor painting
and fine oil/acrylic painting.
 Squirrel : Very soft hair with little snap due to a lack of resistance. Made up of squirrel hair and suitable
for watercolor painting, inking and any other low-resistance mediums.
 Mongoose : Sturdy and resilient hair which is used in oil and acrylic painting.
 Paint brush shapes
 There are so many variety of brush shapes available in the market, some are:
 Round brushes: Large belly and a long tapered end. It comes in sable hair to a
very fine tip and good for delicate brushwork, sketching, outlining, detailed work.
Use with thin paint not thick.
 Filbert brushes: Flat and oval-shaped end with medium to long hairs and have
versatile in nature. The curved tip allows for soft brushwork and blending.
 Flat brushes: Square end, flat tip with medium to long hairs and good for bold,
filing wide spaces, consistent strokes or thin lines. used for blocking in solid
shapes of color.
 Fan brushes: Flat and spread hairs good for painting the leaves on trees,
smoothing, blending, feathering or adding texture to grass or rocks. Use for
scattered and broad brushwork.
 Bright brush: Flat with edges curved inward at tip, with shortest hairs, good for
short controlled strokes, thick, heavy color.
 Angular flat: Flat with angled hairs at end, good for curved strokes and filling
corners
 Paint brush size
 It is present in wide range of small, medium and large brush sizes.
 It comes from range 000, then go to 00, 0, 1, 2, and up to 30 in
size
 The higher the number, the bigger or wider the brush tip and color
holding capacity.
 Brush numbers and bristles thickness can be different in brands.
 For large brush you have to be very carefully use because it lifts
color a lot.
 Make sure to examine each part of brush, while selection of brush.
All the variabilities can affect your work.
 Choose right brush as per your art design requirement.
 Color Pallet

 Flat surface which is use to hold and mixes paints to make colors

 It is a tool which helps to make painting beautiful as well as time
consuming.
 It comes in many different forms, shapes, sizes, material and design.
  It usually made of wood, plastic, ceramic, or other hard, inert, nonporous
material.
 Cheap, comfortable and durable.
 Use small size color pallet at beginning
 Wash your pallet after every use
 Canvases
 It is the most widely used material to paint on or a painting base.
 It comes from many different sizes and materials. It is easy to carry, durable and
lightweight.
 Always use primed canvas means ready to paint. It helps to avoid paint from sinking
into the canvas.
 Linen canvas is regarded best to cotton canvas because the threads are narrower
(finer) and the weave tighter.
 Cotton canvas is best suited for beginners, its cheaper than linen and suitable for
practice.
 Canvas comes in two basic types: plain and duck.
 Duck comes from the Dutch word for cloth, doek. threads in duck canvas are more
tightly woven.
 There are different types of canvases are: Dyed canvas, Fire-proof canvas, Printed
canvas, Stripe canvas, Water-resistant canvas, Waterproof canvas, Waxed canvas and
Rolled canvas
 Easel
 Most importantly, it allows you to paint upright.
 There are so many variety of easel is available for painters are:
 A-Frame -Three legged easel which is economical and portable,
however it lacks in stability.
 H-Frame Easel –Finely handcrafted of smooth, sanded beech wood,
sturdy but lacks portability
 Giant Easel - larger version of the H-frame easel, used for large scale
design works.
 Convertible Easel - Hybrid easels that are versatile and flexible,
adapting well to virtually any medium to fit your style
 Single Mast Easel - Most basic and affordable type of easel with least
stability.
 Tabletop Easel - For those of you who prefer to work at a desk.
 French Easel –Best suited for travelling, it holds paint supplies and a
palette, easy to carry.
 knife

 It is used for mixing colors as well as adding texture to the painted surface.
 Easy to care and very useful to blend the color.
 It  is a blunt tool used for mixing or applying paint, with a flexible
steel blade. 
 There are two different types of knife in art:
  Palette knife resembling a putty knife or symmetric with a rounded tip and
wooden handle, suited for mixing paints on the palette.
 Painting knife with a pointed tip, lowered or "cranked" like a trowel, suited
to painting on canvas.
 Use good quality knife. Cheaper quality lead to damage your design.
 Quiz
1.   Choose the odd one?
Round, Flat, Fan and Giant
2. Painting knife is used for mixing paint?
True/False
3. Natural brush bristles are best used for -----------
Acrylic paint, Water colors, Oil pastel and Postal colors
4. Which of them is not a part of easel ?
A-frame, French , K-frame and Giant
Solutions

1. Giant
2. False
3. Acrylic paint
4. K-frame
Activity
 Referencing

 Video links for better understanding about supplies and equipments:

 https://youtu.be/lTDVzemkzBU
 https://youtu.be/6kSS8eEtyzw
 https://youtu.be/dZqK7TGenrA
 https://youtu.be/m4gF_p-GQ2I
 https://youtu.be/DS438Teh54w